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How to Write an Effective 5-Paragraph Essay: Formulas for 5-Paragraph Essay


Here are simple formulas to write the 5-basic academic essay. The 5-paragraph essay is a standard way to write most essays. The 5

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Essay patterns

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Patterns of Essay Development

Brutus in Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. In Shakespeare's Julius Caesar, Brutus emerges as an intricate character as well as the play's catastrophic hero. Patterns. Through his soliloquies, one gains an fire insight into the complexities of his characters. He is an influential public figure as well as a loving husband, a distinguished military leader, a master to his servants, and a friend (Shakespeare 12). His conflicting values battle with each other in his mind. Various questions are raised after he assassinates Caesar. One such question happens to be based on the light of his friendship with Caesar and whether the patterns assassination is analysis of the essay a noble act of selflessness or a callous evil act. One also wonders whether the essay act has happened as a result of essay, foul indifference to the ties of friendship and failure to be moved by Caesar's power. As a director, these are some of the qualities I would look for in a character playing the role of Brutus. The character acting this role ought to be idealistic. In the essay patterns play, Brutus's unyielding idealism happens to be his greatest virtue, as well as his deadly flaw.

Brutus could be viewed as a noble Roman citizen whose self ambitions do not dominate other motivations (Shakespeare 14). Despite the fact that Caesar happens to be a very close to him, Brutus chooses Rome over friendship. Dead Of The. As a director, I would hold auditions to help me determine the most appropriate person to play Brutus' character. One who plays this character should be strong willed, which also applies to other characters as well. Brutus seems to patterns have naive idealism as shown in several instances. His commitment to the course leads to various miscalculations.

In an effort to curtail violence, he ignores the advice given by Cassius to allow the conspirators to kill Antony (Shakespeare 65). He disregards Cassius once more by allowing him to speak at Caesar's funeral. This results in Brutus' forfeiting the authority of having the last word on the assassination. Consequently, this allows Antony to incite the prevention paper people to riot against Anthony and his conspirators. The character of Brutus should also appear confused. This would go in line with the part of Brutus who seems to be torn between his love for Rome and his love for Caesar.

He admits to having been at war with himself to essay patterns Cassius. His confusion allows Cassius to sway him and encourage him to hypthesis join in the assassination scheme against Caesar (Shakespeare 18). He falls into Cassius' trap without realizing that Cassius was acting out of essay, jealousy. Being a trusting man, Brutus believes that Cassius and his conspirators both share his noble motives. Cassius uses Brutus confusion to coerce him to join Caesar's assassination.

He feels that Brutus involvement would make the people respect his noble character thus accept the dead analysis movie essay death more easily. Therefore, the character taking on Brutus's role should appear confused and unsure of advises given to him. This would aid in enacting this character as both noble and at war with his inner self. Brutus could also be referred to as a stoic character. Despite Cassius' efforts at persuading Brutus to join his cause, Brutus is already thinking of killing Caesar. This could be clearly brought out by the time when Brutus happens to be the first to essay patterns state that Caesar should be killed (Shakespeare 23). Matching. He believes that once Caesar accepts the crown offered by Antony, he would become harsh and stingy. He believes that only essay patterns his death would save him from such danger and agony. Practice Essays Prompts. This character happens to be portrayed during his wife's death.

Although they seem to be close, Brutus does not weep over her death. As a director, this would be an essay patterns important aspect when selecting a character to play Brutus's role. The character should appear to be stoic and callous. This would let the character to practice college essays have a different view of all the circumstances that happen around his life. The character should also be an optimist. This could be passed on essay, the character depicted by Brutus who happens to be an optimistic person. He only hypthesis sees the essay good in others thus underestimating the threat that others pose. He underestimates the dangers that Antony poses to their plans in assassinating Caesar (Shakespeare 34). His optimistic character leaves him open to prevention deception and manipulation by those around him.

He goes against Cassius warning that Antony would sway the people against the conspirators if he is involved in their scheme. Brutus disagrees on the plan to kill Anthony by essay patterns stating that he did not wish to be viewed as a butcher. After the assassination, Brutus thinks that he could use logical words in persuading Anthony to analysis movie essay join in their cause. Although he pretends to patterns be, Antony is not persuaded and turns against them during Caesar's funeral. This later causes him a lot of problems that eventually leads to his suicide. This is the most important character while making a film on Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. It would allow the viewers to understand the reasons toward the tragic death of Brutus, who happens to be noble to the cause that would save the matching entire Roman Empire. The actor playing this role should appear optimistic and patterns, easily manipulated. This would make his other actions easy to dead man walking movie be performed as Brutus.

Brutus could also be considered as heroic. Essay. In the play, his noble actions and thoughts eventually resulted in college essays his death. He decides to end his death rather than face the humiliation of being taken as a prisoner by Antony (Shakespeare 72). His death could be scrutinized as a form of self sacrifice, which Brutus recognizes with a lot of patterns, serenity. Citation Research. This noble act endears him to the viewers who become aware of his noble intentions. Even his enemy, Antony, states this as he stands over his lifeless body. Essay. Such a role should be given to a character that would leave a lot of questions to the audience. As a director, I would direct the actors to play these noble performances with a lot of serenity and selflessness. At the end of the play, the characters would leave the audience with a lot of questions such as whether Brutus is indeed an honorable man or just a murderer cruel enough to kill his best friend. Despite his good intentions, a lot of problems arise due to his participation in a bloody execution.

This would give the is a doctoral audience the opportunity to make their own decisions on Brutus as a character in essay patterns the play.

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Sample Of Muet Essay Essays and Research Papers. Sample essay Topic: Test anxiety causes university students to underperform in their examinations. Discuss. NOTE: The . Essay Patterns? essay is in the left column. What Is A Thesis? In the right hand column there are short notes indicating the various academic writing skills present in essay patterns the essay . Essay | Comment | This essay examines the apa in text, relationship between test anxiety in university students and their performance in examinations.

Typically universities use examinations to essay, test part or even all the structure of an a level history essay, knowledge of students, particularly. Academia , Anxiety , Bachelor's degree 2517 Words | 7 Pages. collectors provide a very meaningful contribution to today's society. Thank you. So what do you think about this sample ? What makes it a . high band response? Now it's your turn, you can try to write your sample script for essay patterns Candidate B, C or D below and matching hypthesis, I'll tell you what band you may get. Happy speaking! :P POSTED BY AUDREY WILES AT 7:19 PM 84 COMMENTS: 1. AnonymousFebruary 1 Practice MUET Speaking practice: Situation A friend of essay patterns yours has decided to go into the retail business. However, he does. Fashion , Waste collection 1045 Words | 4 Pages. 2/24/13 MUET MUET /D MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITY ENGLISH TEST ( MUET ) REGISTRATION SLIP FOR MARCH SESSION 2013 . What Doctoral? NAME : TENGKU SHAFIQ BIN TENGKU ADAM AZLI IC NUMBER : 941218-05-5421 INDEX NUMBER : MC0805/7016 TEST CENTRE : KULLIAH AL-LUGHAH WADDIN AS-SULTAN ABU BAKAR (C), PEKAN CODE PAPER DATE TIME DURATION 800/2 SPEAKING 25 FEBRUARY 2013 7:30 am 30 minutes 800/3 READING 9 MARCH 2013 8:00 am - 9:30 am 90 minutes 800/4 . Constitutional amendment , Fielding , Identity document 303 Words | 4 Pages. Sample essay Argue either in favour or against the impact of the internet on people's lives in patterns the last decade.

As an dead man walking of the essay . avenue of entertainment and essay, communication, and prompts, as a research and reference tool, the internet has had a huge impact on the modern societies of developed nations. At the same time, there is concern that the disadvantages and negative influences may outweigh the benefits to patterns, the society. This essay argues that, in the last decade, the advantages of the internet far outweigh the. Family , History of the matching hypthesis, Internet , Internet 1326 Words | 4 Pages. Form ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form help REGISTER! Bottom of Form Essay Forum / Writing . Feedback / | | five paragraph essay about where should company spend his money on essay art or environment ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form AliAkbarzarei | Dec 15, 2012, 01:03pm #1 | a five paragraph essay about where should company spend his money on art or environment I just studying about fire prevention essay, writing and it's just a. Air pollution , Art , Environmentalism 926 Words | 4 Pages. ?Example of the Narrative Essay Why I learned English Many families reflect diverse cultural backgrounds that come together. My family’s . Patterns? roots are intertwined with several ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Movie? My mother’s parents are American, but her ancestors are originally from essay patterns England and hypthesis, Germany.

My father’s mother is Peruvian, but his father is Egyptian. I grew up in Peru with my parents in a quiet neighborhood of Lima. My paternal grandparents lived down the street from essay patterns us, but my maternal grandparents. Cat , Computer , E-mail 2464 Words | 7 Pages. 05/08/2015 Sample Academic Essay Sample Academic Essay Knowing How to Live Alone Introduction . Hook Alone one is never lonely, says the paper, poet and author Mary Sarton in praise of living along. Most people, however, are terrified of living alone. Essay? They are used to living with others ­­ Connecting children with parents, roommates with Information roommates, friends with friends, husbands with wives. When the statistics catch up with them, therefore, they are rarely prepared. What Doctoral? Chances are high that most adult men and women. Infantry battalions of the United States Marine Corps 753 Words | 3 Pages.

MUET PRESENTATION SCRIPT: “ABOLITION OF PPSMI, NOT A SMART MOVE. Patterns? “ Sie Yii: Good morning Madam Jasmine and all my fellow friends. As the first . (speaker/presenter), I will be talking on the background of today’s topic, which is fire prevention essay paper “ABOLITION OF PPSMI, NOT A SMART MOVE”. Essay Patterns? First of what doctoral all, what is PPSMI? *pause, wait for response. If no one responds, move on.* PPSMI stands for patterns Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Sains dan Matematik dalam Bahasa Inggeris, or the teaching and apa in citation research paper, learning of Science and patterns, Mathematics in. French language , Languages of the Philippines , Lingua franca 1505 Words | 4 Pages. SAMPLE ESSAY | . | |WHAT IS AN ESSAY ? It’s a brief text that discusses a matter, expresses a point of view, or persuades us to accept a thesis on any | |subject whatever. | | . Amnesty International , Capital punishment , Crime 944 Words | 5 Pages. * Past Year Questions MUET Malaysian University English Test ( MUET ) Paper 4 (writing) You are advised to matching, spend about 50 minutes . on this task. * Mid Year 2011 MUET.You are advised to spend about 50 minutes on this task. * “The most valuable thing in life is friendship.” Do you agree? Discuss. Essay Patterns? You should write at least350 words. * End Year “A person’s choice should be determined by prevention paper his or her interest.” Discuss. * March- Year 2012 MUET “Education is the patterns, most important factor in the. Critical thinking , Pilcrow , Question 1599 Words | 5 Pages.

Sample Essay: Paralysis in Dubliners. Sample Essay for of an a level English 4950 Keycode: 2390 1 Paralysis in Dubliners A heavy theme found throughout the entirety of . Patterns? Dubliners is the feeling of paralysis that is felt by the characters in the stories. Fire Prevention Paper? Reading the stories and analyzing them individually hints at the idea of paralysis but it is also easy to overlook it. Essay? Upon reading all of the stories of apa in text citation research Dubliners, the idea of paralysis is a common theme. This feeling of paralysis in Dublin and Ireland as a whole is a feeling that Joyce was trying. Dublin , Dubliners , Encyclop?dia Britannica 1489 Words | 4 Pages. ? Sample of essays , letters and memorandum Letter of Enquiry English Language Society Tunku Abdul Rahman University College . Essay? 77 Lorong Lembah Permai Tiga 11200 Tanjong Bungah Penang 15 June 2013 Manager Paradise Hotel 23 Jalan Gembira 11200 Tanjong Bungah Penang Dear Sir ACCOMMODATION FOR THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE CAMP I am writing on behalf of the English Language Society of Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

We would like to enquire about apa in text citation research, your accommodation at your hotel. . Bursa Malaysia , Economy of Malaysia , English language 751 Words | 4 Pages. ? Sample 1: Prompt: Your academic interests, personal perspectives and life experiences will add much to Gallaudet’s diverse community. . Describe a personal experience that shows what you will bring to Gallaudet’s diverse community While attending Atlanta Area School for the Deaf, Ms. Essay? Jennifer observed my social skills and chose me to assist a student from abroad. His name was Akeem. I was told to teach him American Sign Language. Akeem was born in Africa and came to the United States. American Sign Language , Family , High school 1516 Words | 4 Pages. ? Sample Essay Answer Use the organization and of an a level history, layout of this essay , in essay conjunction with the essay . rubric and is a, worksheet, as a template for the in-class essay exams. Question: Compare and contrast the Chinese and Japanese attitudes and essay, policies regarding modernization beginning at the time of sustained European contact but concentrating on dead essay the period between 1840 and 1910.

How did their status change in essay the eyes of the Europeans? By 1840, Europe had at least nominal domination over much of of the the. China , Government of Japan , Great power 1156 Words | 2 Pages. ? Sample College Essay #1 The sun sleeps as the desolate city streets await the morning rush hour. Driven by an inexplicable . compulsion, I enter the building along with ten other swimmers, inching my way toward the cold, dark locker room of the Esplanada Park Pool. One by one, we slip into our still-damp drag suits and patterns, make a mad dash through the chill of the dead of the, morning air, stopping only to grab pull-buoys and essay patterns, kickboards on our way to the pool. Nighttime temperatures in structure a level history coastal California dip into.

Camping , Demographics , Family 2422 Words | 6 Pages. Sample Portfolio Essay #1 My time at Isothermal has greatly affected my life in patterns many ways. Thanks to my time spent at is a, . Patterns? Isothermal, I have decided that upon completion of my education, I hope to matching hypthesis, be able to work as a Spanish educator at K-12 and college level and as a Spanish-English translator. I have decided on patterns these careers because of my love for the Spanish language and the fact that Spanish educators and translators are in hypthesis high demand. I also believe that these are career choices with which I.

Academic degree , Competence , Four stages of competence 2563 Words | 7 Pages. EM/OCT2009/MEC111 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE COURSE CODE EXAMINATION TIME : : : : STATICS MEC111 OCTOBER 2009 3 HOURS . INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. Essay? 2. 3. This question paper consists of five (5) questions. Answer ALL questions in fire prevention paper the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is patterns given by practice college prompts the invigilator.

Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: i) ii) the Question Paper. Classical mechanics , Force , Free body diagram 594 Words | 5 Pages. ? Sample Writing Essays 3. Patterns? The idea of a minimum wage has been around for quite a while. If increasing the minimum wage helps . College Essays? every one, no one would oppose an essay increase. In your opinion, who are helped and who are hurt by an increase in the minimum wage? In my opinion, more people are hurt by a minimum wage increase than are helped by it. Increasing the minimum wage helps some low wage workers in hypthesis the short run but is detrimental to essay, the majority of society in the long run. An increase in. Economics , Employment , Foreign direct investment 881 Words | 3 Pages. Sample Undergraduate Psychology Essay. SAMPLE UNDERGRADUATE PSYCHOLOGY ESSAY NB This is not a perfect essay . It was graded at 60% (A 2.1) and the . bibliography is missing!

Drawing on Freudian and essay, Attachment Theories assess the Relationship between early year's experiences and criminality. Psychological theories have attempted to essay, explain the reasons for and how criminality occurs. The psychoanalytic perspective involves two major theories - Freud's theory of the Sexual Stages of dead man walking analysis movie essay Development and the Theory of Attachment purposed by Bowlby. Crime , Criminology , Developmental psychology 1600 Words | 5 Pages. Reflective Essay Sample Reference. ?Reflective Essay on to give subcutaneous Injections Introduction This assignment is a reflective account on nursing skills that I was assigned . while on placement in an Organic Mental Health In-Patient Ward, presented with physical conditions and early stages of patterns dementia. The three skills I want to base my essay on are Subcutaneous Injections, Physiological skill – limited to measurement of blood pressure, Blood Glucose Testing.

A brief definition of reflection will be attempted and the importance. Blood glucose monitoring , Hypodermic needle , Insulin 1885 Words | 5 Pages. Med School Essay One As a potential medical student, I will strive to be a tremendous asset to The Chicago Medical School by devoting all my . time and life to becoming an excellent physician. I believe that I am obligated to matching, use my talents in a constructive manner, in a manner that benefits society. The medical career gives me the unique opportunity to express my many talents while benefiting human life.

B. Essay Patterns? Berston M.D. Hypthesis? once said: . a funny thing happens to medical students on their way to. Doctor of Medicine , Health care , Human 994 Words | 3 Pages. END-2009 (BOOKLET 1) Which of the following is the essay patterns, most important factor that can affect the reputation of a family? i)Behaviour of family members . ii)Income levels of what is a doctoral thesis family members iii)Educational levels of family members iv)Occupations of patterns family members (BOOKLET 2) The public has been advised that the practice college prompts, consumption of water should be reduced.Where can you save water most? i)At home ii)In schools iii)In public places iv)In restaurant (BOOKLET 3) For any teamwork to succeed,it is. Age groups in Scouting and Guiding , Black-and-white films , Cooking 613 Words | 3 Pages. ?Prompt: ‘Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely’ – (Lord John E.E.D.

Acton) Topic: Write an expository essay exploring how the essay patterns, prompt relates to . the context of practice college power and Animal Farm. Power is a reality. Almost all societies, developed or primitive, have systems of government in which authority figures direct and shape the structure of patterns their communities. Moreover, these figures may be drawn to government through a genuine wish to enhance the welfare of the people, and matching hypthesis, assist with important public. Animal Farm , Communism , George Orwell 1348 Words | 2 Pages. from any other source such as the internet. Name: Ann E Body Date: 01.01.01 Please write the essay title in FULL . below: Montessori saw movement as a harmonising factor in the child’s development. Explain how the underpinning ethos of the prepared environment facilitates a balance between the mental and physical energies of the child. This essay will examine the way in which the essay, principles of the prepared environment aim to support the child’s mental and physical. Activity , Developmental psychology , Maria Montessori 2165 Words | 8 Pages. Progress ESSAY Theodore Roosevelt once said, “A great democracy must be progressive or it will soon cease to text citation research, be a great democracy.” This . Essay Patterns? quote illustrates his belief that a great country can be advanced through challenge and pursuit of the prompts, innovative.

Society’s development is essay patterns based on fire adopting pioneering values, rather than maintaining conventional ways. The benefits of progress and innovation are exemplified by the New Deal policies implemented by Franklin D. Patterns? Roosevelt. As a response to. Democratic Party , Eleanor Roosevelt , Franklin D. Roosevelt 1017 Words | 4 Pages. “’I thought you inherited your money’” (95).

To reply, Gatsby states, “’I did, Old Sport, but I lost most of it in the big panic – the panic of the war’” . Practice College? Winston Patterson 5/17/10 9:38 PM Comment: Single quote inside a double quote to indicate a quote in the passage was quoted in essay patterns the essay . (95). Dead Of The Movie? After giving an inappropriate reply to essay patterns, Nick’s later question concerning Gatsby’s business, he clarifies that he “was in the drug business and apa in citation research, then . . . in patterns the oil business” (95). Gatsby’s obstruction, the is a doctoral thesis, lack of money. American literature , Arnold Rothstein , F. Scott Fitzgerald 2590 Words | 8 Pages. MUET VERSUS IELTS. In today’s global world, the importance of English cannot be denied and ignored since English is the patterns, most common . language spoken everywhere. Although Malay language is our mother tongue, we still have to conquer this language if we want to compete with other international countries. Text? With the help of developing technology, English has been playing a major role in essay patterns many sectors including medicine, engineering, and education is the most important arena where English is needed. Dutch language , England , English language 1070 Words | 3 Pages. Sample essay The use of sample essay is a good way to structure of an essay, relax your nerves.

The beginners who have some . problems in essay patterns addressing an essay find such narrative essay very useful. It is not at all difficult to get access such studied papers. History? The university and college archives are usually full of patterns such instances. Matching? All you must do is to select the theme and then, as per Customessays.co.uk, you can check out the latest dissertations available online or otherwise. While you are sifting through such short. Concepts in patterns metaphysics , Creative writing , Doctor of Philosophy 525 Words | 2 Pages. University of Phoenix Material Overview – Week Two Academic Essay Analysis Rhetorical Strategies - Part Two Compare and . Contrast Essays should not be a superficial listing of of an essay similarities and differences but should have a clear purpose and patterns, be aimed at a specific audience. Prevention Essay? Compare and contrast can be an important tool to a researcher. The strategy should be used to show differences clearly and if strong parallel construction is used, the writer can make a convincing point.

This organizing. Case study , Essay , Logic 880 Words | 3 Pages. MUET WRITING PAPER 800/4 QUESTION 2 MID YEAR 2010 The world today is turning more to electronic communications such as the e-mail, Facebook . and Short message System (SMS). What is your opinion of this growing trend? Discuss. You should write at essay, least 350 words. Analysis Of The Essay? Generally, in answering academic essays , you need to really focus on a higher level of thinking which befits a Band 6, university style response. If you were to just answer that this electronic communication trend is essay good and that. Communication , Globalization , Information technology 779 Words | 3 Pages. Pros - how it can enhance our communicationand intimacy 1. Fire Essay Paper? It is simply faster in some regards.

2. We can think about what we want to say before we . say it. 3. We can edit/revise it before sending the patterns, message, thereby ensuring we come across the of an history essay, way we intend. 4. We can send it and the receiver doesn't have to respond right away amp; vice versa. In this fast-paced world, we can send just enough info that time/schedules allot for essay between activities, then pick back up when we can get. Communication , Computer , Electronic engineering 1589 Words | 5 Pages. disquisition, monograph; More 2. Dead Man Walking Analysis Of The Movie? formal an patterns attempt or effort. a misjudged essay synonyms: attempt, effort, endeavor, try, venture, . trial, experiment, undertaking his first essay in practice college essays telecommunications a trial design of essay patterns a postage stamp yet to be accepted. verbformal verb: essay ; 3rd person present: essays ; past tense: essayed; past participle: essayed; gerund or present participle: essaying e?sa/ 1. attempt or try. essay a smile Origin late 15th century (as a verb in the sense ‘test the. Definition , Essay , Gerund 608 Words | 4 Pages. ?????,???????????: - ????????(probability sample ,??random sample )? - ????(the sampling frame)???????????????????? - . ?????(The Sample Size)? - ????(the sample design),???????????? - ???(the rate of prevention response),?????????????????? ¦ ?????????? - ????????the sample frame(????)? - ??????????????????????,???????????????????? - ???????,?????,??????,???????????? ¦ The Sample Frame ?????????????????????????,????????????,????????????????the sample frame ? - ???????????: . Cluster sampling , Random sample , Sample 386 Words | 4 Pages. Argumentative Essay Social responsibility is an ideal topic for debate; there have been mixed results for companies and individuals who have . pursued social responsibility.

There is also the question of whether social responsibility should be motivated by a perceived benefit.This type of essay patterns essay is fire essay based on philosophical theories on the necessity of social responsibility backed up with facts about previous social responsibility efforts. For example, an essay could be about how giving support to disaster. Essay , Essays , Qualitative research 555 Words | 3 Pages. In this modern era with the rising of e-commerce in the world, the usage of credit card is essay patterns getting popular among the world nowadays. The usage of credit card . has actually spread towards the college student and has increasing visibility.

Meanwhile, this is the structure of an essay, best chance for the credit card companies to put on essay patterns target at fire prevention essay paper, college students because college students are expected to have higher of earning power and essay, this makes the is a doctoral, credit card companies believe that as a desirable market. Credit card can. Card Security Code , Credit card , Credit card fraud 1120 Words | 3 Pages. Essay Writing, Sample Essay Topic: Philosophy Essay in patterns German - 1220 Words. Essay writing, sample essay topic: Philosophy Essay In German - 1220 words Formulierung des . Problems (Zusammengefasst): Man nehme an, dass es einen Hgel gibt auf dem eine Straenbahn fhrt und am Ende des Hgels eine Strae verluft. Nehmen wir an auf der Strae genau auf den Straenbahnschienen steht ein Schulbus voll mit kleinen Kindern und pltzlich versagen die bremsen der Straenbahn und sie rast auf den Schulbus zu. Es ist klar das alle Kinder sterben, wenn die Straenbahn den Schulbus trifft. Essay Paper? Zwischen.

1230 Words | 4 Pages. ?SUPER SIZE ME SAMPLE INTRO: Super size Me, produced in 2003 and directed by Morgan Spurlock, is patterns presented to practice essays prompts, viewers as an amusing . informative documentary that aims to tell its audience of the fast food industry and the dangers of its products. Essay? While the documentary looks at text citation paper, all fast food chains, it zeroes in on the multi-billion dollar corporation McDonald’s, making it the main subject of the essay patterns, documentary. Through well thought out film techniques such as selection of hypthesis detail, film language. Fast food , Fast food restaurant , French fries 795 Words | 3 Pages. Sample: How to Write a Discussion Essay. Abstract This essay will examine the advantages and disadvantages of essay disciplining children. Firstly, it will consider the disadvantages of . disciplining children in hypthesis terms of injuries, children taking revenge and broken relationships. Equally, it will consider the essay patterns, advantages of structure of an a level history disciplining children in terms of having more respectful children, appreciation and learning life lessons.

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Instead of spending time on peripheral issues such. Constable , Crime , Graduate Management Admission Council 678 Words | 2 Pages. This essay examines the relationship between test anxiety in university students and their performance in essay examinations. Typically, . universities use examinations to matching hypthesis, test part or even all the knowledge of students, particularly in essay patterns first-year courses. Dead Man Walking Analysis Essay? As Burns (2004, p. 120) noted, examination results can determine if a student passes a course or can progress onto further study, and may even influence employment opportunities.

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50 Best Places to Drink Craft and Local Beer in Charlotte. Y ou#39;ll want to raise a glass to and at each of the 50 places on this list. Be it a tiny pub or a sprawling market, these are the top beer destinations in Charlotte. And, in essay patterns yet another sign of the beer revolution, several of these spots only opened within the past year: Ass Clown Brewing Company. Of An Essay? Are you a craft beer thrill-seeker? If so, Ass Clown is essay patterns right up your alley. Tucked away in a Cornelius business park, the ride up I-77 North is worth it to sample innovative brews such as Buttered Apple Pie, Raspberry Jalapeño Stout, Orange Spice IPA and Imperial Pumpkin. Owner/brewer Matt Glidden’s batches often change weekly, and a level history essay, there is a small tasting room open Thursday-Saturday to sample beers or take home a growler of your choice. 10620 Bailey Rd., Suite E F, Cornelius, 704-995-7767.

Bad Daddy#39;s Burger Bar. You#39;re forgiven if you think of Bad Daddy#39;s as, you know, a burger joint. But it also boasts a surprisingly impressive beer list. You won#39;t find any boring brews among the 20 or so drafts (varies by location) the Bell#39;s Two Hearted Ale goes great with a burger. Of about 40 bottles, half are craft brews, including a rare gluten-free beer. Essay? On Wednesdays, bring mugs up to 40 ounces and is a thesis, fill #39;er up for $4-$6, depending on the brew. 1626 East Blvd., 704-714-4888; 15105-A John J. Delaney Dr., 704-919-2700; 8625-A Lindholm Dr. (Birkdale Village), 704-237-4055. Birdsong Brewing Co. Just over a year old, Birdsong is a must-stop when you’re in the NoDa district. The brewery’s selections include mainstays such as Free Will Pale Ale and essay, Lazy Bird Brown Ale, but the intriguing brew here is the Jalapeño Pale Ale, which uses fresh jalapeños to man walking of the movie put a little heat on your beer. The tasting room is open Wednesday-Sunday to enjoy a pint or two or fill a growler to go.

Birdsong also features live entertainment on certain weekends. 2315 N. Davidson St., 704-332-1810. If you want to put your finger on essay patterns the pulse of what#39;s happening in beer culture, then you need to speak to fire essay paper Charlotte#39;s godfather of beer, Michael Brawley. His store reflects a connoisseur#39;s love, stocked with more than 800 different beers, and there#39;s not a dog in the mix (but plenty of Dogfish Head). Brawley also ages beers in his walk-in cooler, and he sells kegs of Sierra Nevada, Spaten, Foothills, and Dogfish, just to name a few. Patterns? There are even meads, ciders, and gluten-free beers.

Brawley will also offer recommendations, and plans to expand and open a tasting room with several taps at some point in the spring or early summer. 4620 Park Rd., 704-521-1300. Pizza and history, beer have been longtime companions, and Brixx does both right. You’ll find beer specials every day at essay patterns each one of the five Charlotte-area locations. Brixx carries 24 beers on tap, ranging from paper locals in NoDa, Four Friends, Birdsong and Triple C to other favorites such as New Belgium, Dogfish Head and essay, Bell’s.

Brixx also has beer tastings at various times throughout the year, with both local and national breweries participating. Is A Thesis? 9820 Rea Rd., 704-940-2011; 1801 Scott Ave., 704-376-1000; 7814 Fairview Rd., 704-295-0707; 225 E. 6 th St., 704-347-2749; 16915 Birkdale Commons Pkwy. Essay Patterns? (Birkdale Village), 704-894-0044. Structure History Essay? The Common Market. Among the items in this hip little store are more than 200 of the essay best cutting-edge craft beers: Lagunitas, He’brew, Green Flash, Stone, Great Divide, Hitachino Nest from practice college prompts Japan, Highland, Pisgah, French Broad, Thomas Creek, Catawba Valley, Duck Rabbit, and Mother Earth. There are free beer tastings and $3 drafts most Wednesdays, and you can shop for selections available in bottles, cans and patterns, growlers. Grab a pint from one of the taps while relaxing at the informal indoor seating or on the patio. 2007 Commonwealth Ave., 704-334-6209. Common Market South End. Like the original, this store is a neighborhood hub with plenty of parking and of an essay, easy access. It has a cafe atmosphere open, airy, well lit, and hip.

The beer selection is eclectic and cold to go. Along with all the new craft brews, this store has an impressive collection of essay patterns international lagers and pilsners from far-off places like Lebanon, Morocco, Spain, and man walking analysis, India. The South End location also has six taps, which usually house an impressive selection. Drafts are $3 most Thursdays, along with a free beer tasting from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. Essay Patterns? 1515 S. Tryon St., 704-332-7782. Crêpe Cellar Kitchen and Pub. Crêpe Cellar in NoDa serves excellent savory and sweet crêpes and fire prevention paper, has eight beer taps: seven rotating beers and essay, one seasonal. Chimay White is a regular on tap, but also look for selections from Belhaven (a terrific Twisted Thistle IPA), Catawba Valley Brewing Company and Foothills.

Finds on the bottle list include intriguing Belgian beer Rodenbach Grand Cru and Wells Young’s Banana Bread Beer, which tastes as good as it sounds. 3116 N. Davidson St., 704-910-6543. College Prompts? This is a bit of essay a restaurant industry anomaly, where the citation paper kitchen and bar come together in essay philosophical harmony. Structure Of An History? Dandelion Market heralded for bringing the local and patterns, organic to is a thesis a glitzy uptown nightlife has 24 beers on draft, with usually six from in-state breweries. While you#39;ll notice a couple Belgians like Klokke Roeland on the list, this is the place to find brews from homeboys like Big Boss and Highland. Essay? 118 W. 5th St., 704-333-7989. Davidson Beverage Company. Every college or university needs a good beer shop.

Enter Davidson Beverage Co., which opened its doors to practice college prompts students and craft beer lovers in the small town in May 2012. Grab a pint from one of the essay six taps (and they’re usually stellar brews from the is a thesis likes of Delirium, Lagunitas, French Broad and Ballast Point) while shopping over a selection of patterns more than 300 bottles. Growlers are available for sale, while Davidson Beverage Company also has tastings from time to college essays prompts time. 442 S. Main St., Suite 100, Davidson, 704-255-6232. Longtime Charlotte residents know this Church Street restaurant as the former Stool Pigeons. Since changing hands midway through 2012, Dillinger’s has become a decent player in the city’s craft scene.

There are 50 beers on tap and, while common treads Bud Light and Miller Lite are in tow, Dillinger’s also has had Highland Cold Mountain and Foothills Hoppyum IPA in recent months. All pints are $1 off on Tuesdays. 214 N. Church St., 704-358-3788. Essay Patterns? Dilworth Neighborhood Grille. Several alumni clubs meet here for college, football and basketball games, and for essay, good reason. Dilworth usually devotes at least four of its 12 taps to beer brewed in Charlotte, and patrons can also enjoy starting the a level essay weekend on Friday Pint Night, where all draft beer is half off. Come in on Wednesdays for “Think While You Drink” trivia, where teams have a chance to win gift cards.

And if you’re not big into tailgating or traffic during Panthers games, Dilworth offers a free shuttle to and from the stadium on Sundays. 911 E. Morehead St. Suite 200, 704-377-3808. Duckworth#39;s Grill and Taphouse. Duckworth’s started with the 46-tap Mooresville Mecca for beer, expanded with another location near Myers Park featuring 60 taps and went even further with 80 taps at essay patterns its newest location in Ballantyne (there’s also a future Duckworth’s scheduled to open this spring in Huntersville). While that might sound intimidating, the draft list is super accessible, with Beeradvocate.com ratings and structure of an essay, taste guides to patterns help you pick your poison.

Plus, with $3 drafts on select nights (Tuesdays and of an a level history, Thursdays at the Park Road location, Mondays and Wednesdays at the Ballantyne location and Mondays and Tuesdays at the one in Mooresville) you have plenty of room for essay patterns, sampling. 560 River Hwy., Mooresville, 704-799-2881; 4435 Park Rd., 704-527-5783; 14015 Conlan Circle, 704-752-7284. This longtime Dilworth favorite (and Homeland filming spot) carries 26 drafts and around 50 bottles, featuring local suppliers such as Olde Mecklenburg along with the likes of Highland, Duck Rabbit, Breckenridge and Smuttynose. And since the list is already wallet friendly (you likely won#39;t find a draft here for more than $5), you#39;ll definitely want to stop in on Monday night for $1 off nights. 2200 Park Rd., 704-335-0033. Flatiron Kitchen and Tap House.

This Davidson spot is part of a new wave of small, chef-driven restaurants (see The Liberty and of an a level essay, Dandelion Market) that feature thoughtful beer lists. The creative American cuisine is the star here, but there are also two-dozen taps behind the bar. Selections include house favorites such as Ballast Point Big Eye IPA, and Flatiron keeps its craft patrons happy with guest voted drafts, including beers from NoDa Brewing Company and Lagunitas. 215 S. Patterns? Main St., Davidson, 704-237-3246. This is where quantity and quality find equilibrium. With 82 taps and close to 150 bottles, Flying Saucer is the mother ship for beer lovers in college essays prompts north Charlotte. About half the list is American craft beers, with Belgians and essay patterns, other imports mixed in. Be sure to stop by on Monday nights for Pint Night, when most beers are $3 a pint. And on Sundays enjoy local offerings, as all North Carolina brews are just $3. 9605 N. Tryon St., 704-717-8179.

It’s not hard to find where the breweries from practice essays prompts Good Bottle’s 12 taps are located, as stickers on a giant U.S. map across from the bar show their location. Usually three of those taps are dedicated to Charlotte beer, and patterns, the “father-in-law” tap features a lighter beer. Grab a pint or half-pint while shopping the what doctoral thesis expansive bottle selection, which is essay patterns split up by style and includes, among others, IPAs, porters, seasonal beers and pilsners. Growlers from matching hypthesis local breweries are also available, and Good Bottle has a free tasting from a different brewery every Thursday night. 125 Remount Rd., 704-527-1003. Sharing a kitchen with the essay patterns Crêpe Cellar is Growler#39;s Pourhouse, a place dedicated to the love of the dead man walking analysis of the movie essay pint. It#39;s a little less formal, with old pallets made into tables and booth-style seating. At the long southern yellow pine bar there are 14 taps pouring great craft beers from the likes of Terrapin, Uinta, Smuttynose and Bell#39;s.

A couple of the taps are dedicated to the beer engine, a 1935 English system that pulls from casks of beer naturally carbonated using a vacuum as opposed to CO2. 3120 N. Davidson St., 704-910-6566. Charlotte’s newest brewery is essay patterns actually a brewpub that is quickly becoming known for its intriguing food offerings. Matching? Lobster bisque test tubes? Shrimp spun in cotton candy? Get it at Heist and, while you’re at it, wash it down with one of the essay brewery’s six main beers. The oatmeal stout is tasty, but the true jewel here is the I2PA, a double IPA that is brewmaster Zach Hart’s favorite. There are also seasonal offerings, and growlers are available for purchase.

2909 N. Davidson St., Suite 200, 704-375-8260. This is, in fact, the same place where Southend Brewery cranked out beer for years. Icehouse keeps beer drinkers happy with a list you can get lost in. Matching Hypthesis? The draft selection is small, but bottles abound from a list of more than 200 beers. Patterns? Relax at text paper the blue-infused cavernous bar area or on one of the largest patios in Charlotte. Beer on tap is half price on Wednesdays. When Southend Brewery closed, the folks who opened Olde Mecklenburg Brewery bought the old brewing equipment (kettles and essay, tanks), and they use it to dead movie make their beer now. Which is sold at Icehouse.

Full circle. 2100 South Blvd., 704-375-1128. Intermezzo Pizzeria and Cafe. At this simple neighborhood restaurant that features great pizza and essay, Serbian cuisine, the beer selection is small but carefully chosen. Along with the usual bottle offerings, there are 12 beers on fire essay paper tap starting with average choices in Stella Artois and Yuengling, but then it gets serious. Five of the taps change on a monthly basis (which includes local selections), and a favorite among regulars is Blanche de Bruxelles, a light, thirst-quenching Belgian wheat beer.

1427 E. Essay Patterns? 10th St., 704-347-2626. Is there a better pairing than hot dogs and beer? Well, yes. Hot dogs and craft beer. And JJ’s Red Hots has both. Text? There are only four taps, but all of them are devoted to essay patterns beers brewed in Charlotte. If bottles and cans are your preference, JJ’s has that covered as well, with choices ranging from New Belgium to Anderson Valley to 21 st Amendment. Grab a dog and a pint before heading up to the rooftop seating for a relaxing view. Oh, and might we recommend the pickle bar as well?

1514 E. Blvd., 980-225-8880. Kalu Asian Kitchen and essays prompts, Bar. This swanky sushi spot, which serves dishes like Kobe beef meatballs and exotic sakes, may not be where you#39;d expect to find one of the essay patterns city#39;s most unique beer selections. Think again. Dedicated to creating authentically Asian food pairings, Kalu’s bar includes Japanese beers Sapporo and Kirin Ichiban on draft as well as several bottled beers from Japan and China. In the mood for of an history, something different with your dim sum?

Try the Koshihikari Echigo. Essay Patterns? It#39;s a Japanese rice lager with a light body and crisp finish, perfect for cutting the sting of what doctoral thesis some of the chef#39;s spicier dishes. 505 E. 6th St., 704-910-4877. The Liberty Gastropub. Beer is patterns so integral to this gastropub that it#39;s part of the décor. A giant mural of ale covers one wall of the dining room, and fire essay, columns are made of kegs. Behind the essay large and comfortable bar are 20 taps, many of which rotate out on a regular basis. A few are familiar, such as Sam Adams and Guinness, but also look for harder-to-find brews like Ballast Point Victory at practice college Sea, a delicious porter brewed with coffee and vanilla beans. Among the 60-plus bottles are many you#39;ve heard of, plus a selection of big bottles. 1812 South Blvd., 704-332-8830. Unknown announces microdistillery expansion plans.

RockSalt Hires New Executive Chef. The #NationalTacoDay Deals to Know in essay patterns Charlotte. Practice Prompts? Catawba Brewing partners with Dunkin’ Donuts for special beer. Essay? We invite your responses and discussion. Please refrain from personal attacks, profanity, commercial promotion, or non sequiturs. 5 Ways to Transform Your Fall Style. A New Craft Beer Arrives in hypthesis NC: Where to Find it. How These K-8 Students Are Changing Charlotte. Essay? Stay up-to-date on all things Charlotte by signing up for our newsletters.

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Center for essay patterns, Problem-Oriented Policing. This guide addresses the matching hypthesis, problem of panhandling. † It also covers nearly equivalent conduct in essay, which, in exchange for donations, people perform nominal labor such as squeegeeing (cleaning) the hypthesis, windshields of essay cars stopped in traffic, holding car doors open, saving parking spaces, guarding parked cars, buying subway tokens, and carrying luggage or groceries. † ”Panhandling,“ a common term in the United States, is more often referred to essay, as ”begging“ elsewhere, or occasionally, as ”cadging.“ ”Panhandlers“ are variously referred to essay patterns, as ”beggars,“ ”vagrants,“ ”vagabonds,“ ”mendicants,“ or ”cadgers.“ The term ”panhandling“ derives either from the impression created by man walking essay someone holding out his or her hand (as a pan's handle sticks out from the pan) or from the patterns, image of someone using a pan to collect money (as gold miners in doctoral, the American West used pans to sift for gold). The guide begins by describing the panhandling problem and essay, reviewing factors that contribute to it. It then identifies a series of apa in text paper questions that might help you in analyzing your local problem. Finally, it reviews responses to the problem, and what is known about those responses from evaluative research and police practice. Generally, there are two types of essay panhandling: passive and matching hypthesis, aggressive. Passive panhandling is essay patterns, soliciting without threat or menace, often without any words exchanged at alljust a cup or a hand held out. Aggressive panhandling is soliciting coercively, with actual or implied threats, or menacing actions. If a panhandler uses physical force or extremely aggressive actions, the panhandling may constitute robbery.

Isolated incidents of passive panhandling are usually a low police priority.1 In many jurisdictions, panhandling is not even illegal. Even where it is illegal, police usually tolerate passive panhandling, for structure a level, both legal and essay patterns, practical reasons.2 Courts in some jurisdictions have ruled that passive panhandling is structure essay, constitutionally protected activity. Police can reasonably conclude that, absent citizen complaints, their time is better spent addressing more serious problems. Essay. Whether panhandling and other forms of what is a doctoral thesis street disorder cause or contribute to more serious crimethe broken windows thesisis hotly debated, but the debate is as yet unsettled.3 Panhandling becomes a higher police priority when it becomes aggressive or so pervasive that its cumulative effect, even when done passively, is to essay patterns, make passersby apprehensive.4 Panhandling is hypthesis, of greater concern to merchants who worry that their customers will be discouraged from patronizing their business. Essay Patterns. Merchants are most likely to call police when panhandling disrupts their commerce.5, † † Business owners who work on site are most likely to call police. Employees, especially younger employees, are less likely to do so because they have less at stake if panhandling disrupts business (Goldstein 1993). Police must also be concerned with the welfare of panhandlers who are vulnerable to fire paper, physical and verbal assault by other panhandlers, street robbers †† or passersby who react violently to being panhandled.6 Panhandlers often claim certain spots as their own territory, and disputes and patterns, fights over citation research paper, territory are not uncommon.7. †† In one study, 50 percent of panhandlers claimed to essay patterns, have been mugged within the citation paper, past year (Goldstein 1993). Broadly speaking, public policy perspectives on panhandling are of patterns two typesthe sympathetic view and practice college, the unsympathetic view.

The sympathetic view, commonly but not unanimously held by civil libertarians and homeless advocates, is that panhandling is essential to destitute people's survival, and should not be regulated by police.8 Some even view panhandling as a poignant expression of the plight of the needy, and an opportunity for the more fortunate to help.9 The unsympathetic view is essay, that panhandling is a blight that contributes to further community disorder and crime, as well as to panhandlers' degradation and deterioration as their underlying problems go unaddressed.10 Those holding this view believe panhandling should be heavily regulated by police. People's opinions about structure of an essay, panhandling are rooted in deeply held beliefs about individual liberty, public order and patterns, social. responsibility. Fire Essay. Their opinions are also shaped by their actual exposure to essay patterns, panhandlingthe more people are panhandled, the less sympathetic they are toward panhandlers.11 While begging is discouraged on most philosophical grounds and by most major religions, many people feel torn about whether to what thesis, give money to panhandlers.12 Some people tolerate all sorts of street disorder, while others are genuinely frightened by it. This tension between opposing viewpoints will undoubtedly always exist. This guide takes a more neutral stance: without passing judgment on the degree of patterns sympathy owed to panhandlers, it recognizes that police will always be under some pressure to dead of the essay, control panhandling, and that there are effective and fair ways to do so. Panhandling and its variants are only one form of patterns disorderly street conduct and street crime about which police are. concerned. Fire Prevention Essay Paper. Other formsnot directly addressed in this guideinclude: disorderly conduct of day laborers; disorderly conduct of public inebriates (e.g., public intoxication, public drinking, public urination and defecation, harassment, intimidation, and essay patterns, passing out in prevention essay, public places); disorderly conduct of transients/homeless (e.g., public camping, public urination and defecation, and sleeping on sidewalks and essay patterns, benches, and in public libraries); disorderly youth in public places; harassment (usually sexual) of female pedestrians; pickpocketing; purse snatchings; robbery at automated teller machines (ATMs); trash picking (for food or to salvage aluminum cans and bottles); unlicensed street entertainment; † and. † In some instances, there is practice prompts, a fine distinction between panhandlers who use brief entertainment as part of essay their solicitation and moreaccomplished street musicians, jugglers, mimes, and other skilled entertainers. unlicensed street vending (also referred to what doctoral, as illegal peddling).

Some of these other forms of disorderly street conduct may also be attributable to panhandlers, but this is not necessarily so. These problems overlap in various ways, and a local analysis of them will be necessary to understand how they do. Factors Contributing to Panhandling. Understanding the factors that contribute to your panhandling problem will help you frame your own local analysis questions, determine good effectiveness measures, recognize key intervention points, and select appropriate responses. Whether Panhandling Intimidates Passersby. Panhandling intimidates some people, even causing some to avoid areas where they believe they will be panhandled.13 Onethird of San Franciscans surveyed said they gave money to essay, panhandlers because they felt pressured, and structure a level history, avoided certain areas because of panhandling; nearly 40 percent expressed concern for their safety around panhandlers.14 But most studies conclude that intentional aggressive panhandling is patterns, rare, largely because panhandlers realize that using aggression reduces their income, and is more likely to get them arrested or otherwise draw police attention to them.15. Whether panhandling intimidates passersby depends, of course, on college how aggressive or menacing the panhandler is, but it also depends on the context in which panhandling occurs. In other words, an patterns, act of panhandling in one context might not be intimidating, but the same behavior in a different context might.16 Among the contextual factors that influence how intimidating panhandling is are: the time of day (nighttime panhandling is usually more intimidating than daytime panhandling); the ease with which people can avoid panhandlers (panhandling is more likely to practice prompts, intimidate motorists stuck in traffic than it is patterns, those who can drive away); the degree to which people feel especially vulnerable (for example, being panhandled near an ATM makes some people feel more vulnerable to being robbed); the presence of other passersby (most people feel safer when there are other people around); the physical appearance of the panhandler (panhandlers who appear to be mentally ill, intoxicated or otherwise disoriented are most likely to frighten passersby because their conduct seems particularly unpredictable); 17 the reputation of the panhandler (panhandlers known to text citation research paper, be aggressive or erratic are more intimidating than those not known to be so); the essay patterns, characteristics of the person being solicited (the elderly tend to be more intimidated by panhandlers because they are less sure of their ability to fire prevention essay, defend themselves from attack); the number of panhandlers (multiple panhandlers working together are more intimidating than a lone panhandler); and essay patterns, the volume of panhandling (the more panhandlers present in practice prompts, an area, the more intimidating and patterns, bothersome panhandling will seem). Typically, relatively few panhandlers account for most complaints to man walking analysis of the, police about panhandling.18 The typical profile of essay patterns a panhandler that emerges from a number of a level history essay studies is that of an unemployed, unmarried male in his 30s or 40s, with substance abuse problems, few family ties, a high school education, and laborer's skills.19 Some observers have noted that younger peoplemany of essay patterns whom are runaways or otherwise transientare turning to panhandling.20, † A high percentage of matching hypthesis panhandlers in essay patterns, U.S. urban areas are African-American.21 Some panhandlers suffer from mental illness, but most do not.22 Many panhandlers have criminal records, but panhandlers are nearly as likely to have been crime victims as offenders.23 Some are transient, but most have been in a level history essay, their community for a long time.24. † In many less-developed countries, children commonly beg to patterns, support themselves and man walking analysis of the essay, their families, a phenomenon less common in the United States and other more highly developed countries. Contrary to common belief, panhandlers and homeless people are not necessarily one and the same.

Many studies have found that only patterns, a small percentage of homeless people panhandle, and only a small percentage of essays prompts panhandlers are homeless.26, †† †† Definitions of patterns homelessness vary, but at apa in research paper, a minimum, most studies have found that few panhandlers routinely sleep outdoors at patterns, night. See, however, Burke (1998) for evidence that a high percentage of the panhandlers in Leicester, England, have been homeless. Most studies conclude that panhandlers make rational economic choicesthat is, they look to dead man walking of the essay, make money in the most efficient way possible.27 Panhandlers develop their ”sales pitches,“ and sometimes compete with one another for the rights to a particular sales pitch.28 Their sales pitches are usually, though not always, fraudulent in some respect. Some panhandlers will admit to passersby that they want money to buy alcohol (hoping candor will win them favor), though few will admit they intend to buy illegal drugs.29 Many panhandlers make it a habit to always be polite and appreciative, even when they are refused. Patterns. Given the history essay, frequent hostility they experience, maintaining their composure can be a remarkable psychological feat.30 Panhandlers usually give some consideration to their physical appearance: they must balance looking needy against looking too offensive or threatening.31. † Ninety percent of San Franciscans surveyed reported having been panhandled within the past year (Kelling and Coles 1996). Most panhandlers are not interested in regular employment, particularly not minimum-wage labor, which many believe would scarcely be more profitable than panhandling.32 Some panhandlers' refusal to patterns, look for regular employment is better explained by their unwillingness or inability to structure of an history essay, commit to regular work hours, often because of substance abuse problems.

Some panhandlers buy food with the patterns, money they receive, because they dislike the food served in shelters and soup kitchens.33. Who Gets Panhandled and prevention, Who Gives Money to Panhandlers. In some communities, nearly everyone who routinely uses public places has been panhandled. † Many who get panhandled are themselves people of essay patterns modest means. Dead Analysis Of The Movie Essay. Wealthy citizens can more readily avoid public places where panhandling occurs, whether consciously, to avoid the nuisances of the street, or merely because their lifestyles do not expose them to public places. Estimates of the percentage of people who report that they give money to panhandlers range from 10 to 60 percent.34 The percentage of college students who do so (between 50 and essay patterns, 60 percent) tends to be higher than that of the general population. There is some evidence that women and minorities tend to give more freely to panhandlers.35 Male-female couples are attractive targets for panhandlers because the of an essay, male is essay, likely to want to appear compassionate in front of the female.36 Panhandlers more commonly target women than men,37 but some find that lone women are not suitable targets because they are more likely to fear having their purses snatched should they open them to get change.38 Conventioneers and tourists are good targets for panhandlers because they are already psychologically prepared to hypthesis, spend money.39 Diners and grocery shoppers are good targets because dining and grocery shopping remind them of the contrast between their relative wealth and panhandlers' apparent poverty. Regular panhandlers try to patterns, cultivate regular donors; some even become acquaintances, if not friends. Where and When Panhandling Commonly Occurs. Panhandlers need to go where the money is. In other words, they need to panhandle in communities and what is a doctoral, specific locations where the essay patterns, opportunities to collect money are bestwhere there are a lot of pedestrians or motorists, especially those who are most likely to have money and to give it.40 Panhandling is essay, more common in communities that provide a high level of social services to the needy, because the essay, same citizens who support social services are also likely to practice college prompts, give money directly to panhandlers; panhandlers are drawn to communities where both free social services and essay patterns, generous passersby are plentiful.41 With respect to specific locations, panhandlers prefer to panhandle where passersby cannot readily avoid them, although doing so can make passersby feel more intimidated.42.

Among the more common, specific panhandling locations are the following: near ATMs, parking meters and telephone booths (because ATM users, motorists and callers are less likely to say they do not have any money to give); near building entrances/exits and fire, public restrooms with a lot of pedestrian traffic; on or near college campuses (because students tend to be more sympathetic toward panhandlers); near subway, train and bus station entrances/exits (because of high pedestrian traffic, and because public transportation users are likely to be carrying cash to buy tickets or tokens); on buses and essay, subway trains (because riders are a ”captive audience“); near places that provide panhandlers with shade and shelter from bad weather (such as doorways, alcoves and alleys in hypthesis, commercial districts); in essay patterns, front of convenience stores, restaurants and grocery stores (because panhandlers' claims to be buying food or necessities for them or their children seem more plausible, and because shoppers and diners often feel especially fortunate and generous); at gas stations (because panhandlers' claims that they need money for is a doctoral, gas or to repair their vehicle seem more plausible); at freeway exits/entrances (because motorists will be stopped or traveling slowly enough to be able to give money); on crowded sidewalks (because it is easier for panhandlers to blend in with the essay, crowd should the police appear); at intersections with traffic signals (because motorists will be stopped); and near liquor stores and structure a level history essay, drug markets (so the patterns, panhandlers do not have to travel far to matching hypthesis, buy alcohol or drugs).43. There are typically daily, weekly, monthly, and seasonal patterns to panhandling; that is, panhandling levels often follow fairly predictable cycles, which vary from community to community. For example, panhandling may increase during winter months in essay, warm-climate communities as transients migrate there from cold-weather regions. Panhandling levels often drop around the dates government benefits are distributed, because those panhandlers who receive benefits have the money they need. Once that money runs out, they resume panhandling.44 Panhandling on or near college campuses often follows the cycles of apa in citation research paper students' going to patterns, and coming from classes.45 There are usually daily lulls in matching, panhandling when those panhandlers who are chronic inebriates or drug addicts go off to drink or take drugs. Regular panhandlers keep fairly routine schedules, typically panhandling for four to six hours a day.46. Most evidence confirms that panhandling is not lucrative, although some panhandlers clearly are able to subsist on a combination of panhandling money, government benefits, private charity, and essay, money from odd jobs such as selling scavenged materials or plasma.47 How much money a panhandler can make varies depending on his or her skill and dead analysis of the movie, personal appeal, as well as on the area in essay, which he or she solicits. Estimates vary from a couple of dollars (U.S.) a day on the low end, to citation paper, $20 to $50 a day in the mid-range, to about $300 a day on the high end.48 Womenespecially those who have children with themand panhandlers who appear to be disabled tend to receive more money.49 For this reason, some panhandlers pretend to be disabled and/or war veterans. Others use pets as a means of evoking sympathy from passersby. Panhandlers' regular donors can account for up to half their receipts.50. Economic, Social and Legal Factors That Influence Panhandling Levels.

Broad economic, social and legal factors influence the overall level of panhandling, as well as community tolerance of it.53 Tolerance levels appear to patterns, have declined significantly during the 1990s, at least in the United States, leading to practice essays prompts, increased pressure on police to control panhandling. The state of the economy, at the local, regional and even national level, affects how much panhandling occurs. As the economy declines, panhandling increases. As government benefit programs become more restrictive, panhandling increases.54 At least as important as economic factors, if not more so, are social factors. Essay Patterns. The stronger the social bonds and social network on which indigent people can rely for emotional and financial support, the less likely they are to panhandle.55 Thus, the weakening of social bonds throughout society affects the indigent most negatively. As substance abuse levels rise in society, as, for example, during the prevention paper, crack epidemic, so too do panhandling levels. Patterns. As the skid rows in dead of the essay, urban centers are redeveloped, the indigent people who live there move to areas where their panhandling is less tolerated.

As people with mental illnesses are increasingly released into the community, often without adequate follow-up care, panhandling also increases. Patterns. Where there are inadequate detoxification and substance-abuse treatment facilities, panhandling is high.56 As courts strike down laws that. authorize police to regulate public disorder, and as police are less inclined to enforce such laws, panhandling flourishes.57 Arrest and incarceration rates may also affect panhandling levels: convicted offenders often have difficulty getting jobs after release, and fire paper, some inevitably turn to panhandling.58. The information provided above is only a generalized description of panhandling. You must combine the essay, basic facts with a more specific understanding of your local problem. Analyzing the local problem carefully will help you design a more effective response strategy.

The following are some critical questions you should ask in analyzing your particular panhandling problem, even if the answers are not always readily available. Your answers to these and other questions will help you choose the most appropriate set of responses later on. (Surveys of citizens and what is a, beat police officers will likely be necessary to gather information about complaints and complainants, as well as about donors. Most complaints about panhandling are not formally registered with police.) To what extent does panhandling bother or intimidate others? How many complaints do police receive? † Do a few people account for many complaints, or do many people complain? Are complaints filed with other organizations (business/neighborhood associations)? † Analyzing calls for essay patterns, service related to panhandling is important, but it can be time-consuming because, in many police agencies, such calls are classified under broad categories such as ”disturbance“ or ”suspicious person,“ categories that encompass a wide range of practice essays behavior. It might be worthwhile to develop more-specific call categories, so future problem analysis will be easier.

Who are the complainants? Merchants? Shoppers? Workers? Students? Does panhandling alter people's behavior and routines (e.g., do people avoid certain areas or stores)? What are the particular complaints?

That panhandlers act aggressively, or that all panhandling is essay patterns, bothersome? What do complainants suggest should be done to control panhandling? What percentage of passersby give money to panhandlers? Why do people say they give money to panhandlers? What do they believe the panhandlers use the money for? (Surveys of hypthesis suspected panhandlers, data from agencies that serve the essay, needy, and discussions with beat police officers can help you answer the following questions. Apa In Text Research. This information can help you determine whether there are clusters of. panhandlers with similar characteristics. Essay. Different responses might be warranted for what is a, different types of panhandlers.) How many panhandlers are in the area?

How many are regulars? How many are occasional? What is known about the regular panhandlers? What is patterns, their age, race, gender, family status, employment status, and what is a, employment history? Are they substance abusers? Do they suffer from mental illness? Do they have criminal records or a history of criminal victimization? Where do they live (in shelters, private homes, on the streets)?

How many of the panhandlers are transient? How many are new to the area? How many are longtime residents? Do the essay, panhandlers know about and essay, use social services in the area (e.g., shelters, soup kitchens, job training, substance abuse treatment)? Where does panhandling commonly occur? In parks, plazas and patterns, squares? On sidewalks? Near ATMs? Near public transportation stops and stations? What, specifically, makes certain locations especially attractive or unattractive to panhandlers? When is panhandling most prevalent?

Are there daily, weekly, monthly, or seasonal cycles to practice, it? How has the panhandling problem previously been handled in your jurisdiction? How is it currently handled? Is the current response adequate and appropriate? What laws currently regulate panhandling?

Are those laws adequate and/or constitutional? Do the police arrest panhandlers? If so, on patterns what charges? How are the charges processed? Are panhandlers prosecuted? If so, what is the typical sentence?

How do other criminal justice officials (prosecutors, judges, probation officers) view the panhandling problem? Measurement allows you to determine to what degree your efforts have succeeded, and fire essay paper, suggests how you might modify your responses if they are not producing the intended results. You should take measures of your problem before you implement responses, to determine how serious the problem is, and after you implement them, to determine whether they have been effective. All measures should be taken in both the essay, target area and the surrounding area. (For more detailed guidance on measuring effectiveness, see the companion guide to prevention paper, this series, Assessing Responses to Problems: An Introductory Guide for Police Problem-Solvers .) The following are potentially useful measures of the effectiveness of responses to panhandling: number of complaints filed with police about panhandling; number of complaints filed with other organizations or people (e.g., neighborhood/business associations, elected officials) about essay patterns, panhandling; levels of what is a doctoral thesis concern expressed about panhandling (from surveys); number of known chronic panhandlers (based on complaints, contacts and arrests); costs of police response to panhandling complaints; evidence that panhandling has been displaced to other areas, or is resulting in an increase in other forms of nuisance behavior or crime (e.g., trash scavenging, shoplifting, theft from essay, autos, purse snatchings, prostitution, drug dealing); † and. † Lankenau (1999) asserts that most panhandlers will likely turn to other illegitimate ways to make money, rather than find regular employment or enter treatment programs. Man Walking Movie. Duneier (1999) states that some panhandlers see crime as one of the patterns, few viable alternatives to panhandling.

indicators of the economic health of the area beset with panhandling (e.g., property vacancy rates, shoppers' presence, commerce levels, tax receipts, private-security expenditures). Responses to structure a level history essay, the Problem of Panhandling. Your analysis of your local problem should give you a better understanding of the factors contributing to essay, it. Dead Man Walking Movie. Once you have analyzed your local problem and established a baseline for measuring effectiveness, you should consider possible responses to address the problem. The following response strategies provide a foundation of ideas for addressing your particular problem. These strategies are drawn from essay, a variety of research studies and police reports. Several of these strategies may apply to your community's problem. It is critical that you tailor responses to local circumstances, and that you can justify each response based on reliable analysis. In most cases, an effective strategy will involve implementing several different responses. Law enforcement responses alone are seldom effective in reducing or solving the problem.

Do not limit yourself to text research paper, considering what police can do: give careful consideration to who else in your community shares responsibility for the problem and can help police better respond to it. General Considerations for an Effective Response Strategy. Most researchers and practitioners seem to agree that the essay, enforcement of laws prohibiting panhandling plays only a part in practice college, controlling the essay, problem.59 Public education to discourage people from giving money to panhandlers, informal social control and adequate social services (especially alcohol and drug treatment) for panhandlers are the other essential components of an effective and comprehensive response. Panhandling, like many other forms of street disorder, is controlled more through informal means than through formal enforcement. Structure A Level Essay. † Panhandlers, merchants, passersby, social workers, and police beat officers form an intricate social network of mutual support and regulation. They all have something to essay patterns, gain by fire paper cooperating with one another (and, consequently, to essay, lose by not cooperating with one another).

Panhandlers obviously gain money, food and some social interaction from their activity; they risk losing them if they act too disorderly. Merchants will usually tolerate some panhandling, though seldom directly in front of their businesses. Some merchants even give panhandlers food or hire them to citation, do odd jobs such as wash store windows. Passersby gain freedom from the harassment and intimidation of essay persistent and menacing panhandlers, along with the structure of an a level history essay, positive feelings they experience from truly voluntary charity. Social workers are more likely to be able to help those street people who are not frequently arrested for essay, panhandling. Police beat officers can cultivate panhandlers as informants, helping the officers stay current with what is happening on the street. † Goldstein's (1993) study of panhandling in matching hypthesis, New Haven, Conn., provides an patterns, excellent example of how panhandling is controlled through informal means. Duneier's (1999) study of structure of an a level history New York City street vendors, scavengers and panhandlers also provides an essay, exceptional example of informal social control on the street. Whether or not you emphasize enforcement of laws that regulate panhandling, it is important that the apa in text research, laws be able to essay, survive legal challenge. Police should have valid enforcement authority to bolster other responses they use, including issuing warnings to panhandlers.60 Laws that prohibit aggressive panhandling or panhandling in essay, specified areas are more likely to essay, survive legal challenge than those that prohibit all panhandling.

If enforcement of panhandling laws will be a key component of essay your strategy, and essay patterns, if you think the citation paper, panhandling laws you rely on are vulnerable to legal challenge (or if you want to essay, draft a new panhandling law), you should consult legal counsel to hypthesis, help you draft and propose new legislation. There are a number of model panhandling ordinances61 and legal commentaries on essay patterns the constitutionality of panhandling laws62 in the literature. See Appendix A for a list and citation research, brief summary of patterns some of the matching hypthesis, leading cases on the constitutionality of panhandling and laws that regulate it. Warning panhandlers and ordering them to ”move along“ are perhaps the most common police responses to panhandling.63 Many police beat officers develop working relationships with regular panhandlers; they use a mix of formal and informal approaches to keeping panhandling under control.64 Most officers do not view panhandling as a serious matter, and are reluctant to essay, devote the time necessary to arrest and book offenders.65 Moreover, even when they have the authority to prevention essay, issue citations and release the offenders, most officers realize that panhandlers are unlikely to either appear in patterns, court or pay a fine.66 Prosecutors are equally unlikely to prosecute panhandling cases, typically viewing them as an unwise use of scarce prosecutorial resources.67. Panhandler arrests are rare,68, † but when they occur, this is the typical scenario: An officer issues a panhandler a summons or citation that sets a court date or specifies a fine. The panhandler fails to appear in court or fails to pay the matching, fine. A warrant is issued for the panhandler's arrest.

The police later arrest the panhandler after running a warrant check during a subsequent encounter. The panhandler is incarcerated for no more than a couple of essay days, sentenced to practice essays, time already served by the court, and essay, released.69. † Goldstein (1993) estimated that police made arrests for structure history essay, panhandling in essay patterns, only about apa in text citation paper, 1 percent of essay patterns all policepanhandler encounters. Because prosecutors and judges are unlikely to view isolated panhandling cases as serious matters, it is advisable to prepare and thesis, present to the court some background information on panhandling's overall impact on essay patterns the community. What Is A. A problemimpact statement can help prosecutors and judges understand the overall negative effect the patterns, seemingly minor offense of panhandling is having on the community.70 In the United Kingdom, police can apply to the courts for an ”antisocial behavior order“ against individuals or groups as one means of what thesis controlling their persistent low-level offending.71 Violations of the essay patterns, orders can result in relatively severe jail sentences. Dead Man Walking Analysis Movie. † It is patterns, unknown how effective the hypthesis, orders have been in controlling panhandling. † British antisocial behavior orders are similar in essay patterns, some respects to American restraining and apa in research, nuisance abatement orders. Prohibiting aggressive panhandling. Patterns. Laws that prohibit aggressive panhandling are more likely to survive legal challenge than laws that prohibit all panhandling, and are therefore to history, be encouraged.72 A growing number of jurisdictions have enacted aggressive-panhandling laws, most within the essay patterns, past 10 years. Dead Man Walking Analysis Movie Essay. †† Enforcing aggressive-panhandling laws can be difficult, partly because few panhandlers behave aggressively, and partly because many victims of aggressive panhandling do not report the offense to police or are unwilling to file a complaint.

Police can use proactive enforcement methods such as having officers serve as decoys, giving panhandlers the opportunity to panhandle them aggressively.73 Some agencies have provided officers with special legal training before enforcing aggressive-panhandling laws.74 Enforcing other laws panhandlers commonly violatethose regarding drinking in patterns, public, trespassing, disorderly conduct, etc.can help control some aspects of the panhandling problem. †† Among the jurisdictions to have enacted aggressive-panhandling laws are the states of Hawaii and dead man walking of the, California, and the cities of San Francisco; Seattle; Minneapolis; Albuquerque, N.M.; Atlanta; Baltimore; Cincinnati; Dallas; Tulsa, Okla.; and Washington, D.C. Police need not heavily enforce aggressive-panhandling laws in order to control panhandling; the informal norms among most panhandlers discourage aggressive panhandling anyway.75 Panhandlers exercise some influence over one another's behavior, to minimize complaints and keep police from intervening.76 Enforcing aggressive-panhandling laws can serve to reinforce the informal norms because aggressive panhandling by the few makes panhandling less profitable for essay, others.77. Aggressive-panhandling laws typically include the following specific prohibitions: confronting someone in what, a way that would cause a reasonable person to essay, fear bodily harm; touching someone without his or her consent; continuing to panhandle or follow someone after he or she has refused to apa in, give money; intentionally blocking or interfering with the safe passage of a person or vehicle; using obscene or abusive language toward someone while attempting to panhandle him or her; and acting with intent to intimidate someone into giving money.78 Prohibiting panhandling in specified areas. Many courts have held that laws can restrict where panhandling occurs.

Panhandlers are increasingly being prohibited from panhandling: near ATMs; on patterns public transportation vehicles and fire essay paper, near stations and stops; near business entrances/exits; on essay patterns private property, if posted by the owner; and on public beaches and boardwalks.79. One legal commentator has proposed a novel approach to matching, regulating panhandling: zoning laws that would strictly prohibit panhandling in some areas, allow limited panhandling in essay patterns, other areas, and allow almost all panhandling in yet other areas.80 The literature does not report any jurisdiction that has adopted this approach as a matter of law, though clearly, police officers informally vary their enforcement depending on structure essay community tolerance levels in essay, different parts of their jurisdiction. † Licensing schemes for beggars reportedly have existed in England as far back as 1530 (Teir 1993)[Full Text]. The Criminal Justice Legal Foundation (1994) has published guidance on structure of an a level essay drafting laws enabling permit systems, though the language seems designed to inhibit panhandling, rather than allow it. Discouraging people from essay, giving money to prevention, panhandlers, and encouraging them to give to essay patterns, charities that serve the needy. In all likelihood, if people stopped giving money to panhandlers, panhandling would cease.89 Public education campaigns are intended to discourage people from giving money to panhandlers. They typically offer three main arguments: 1) panhandlers usually use the money to buy alcohol and drugs, rather than goods and services that will improve their condition; 2) giving panhandlers small amounts of analysis of the essay money is insufficient to address the underlying circumstances that cause them to essay, panhandle; and 3) social services are available to meet panhandlers' food, clothing, shelter, health care, and employment needs. Some people do not understand the relationship between panhandling and substance abuse, or are unaware of college essays available social services, however obvious these factors may seem to police.90 Public education messages have been conveyed via posters, pamphlets, movie trailers, and charity collection points.91 A poster campaign was an important element of the essay, New York City Transit Authority's effort to control subway panhandling.92 In Nashville and of an history essay, Memphis, Tenn., special parking meters were used as collection points for charities that serve the needy.93 Some police officers have invested a lot of their own time making personal appeals to patterns, discourage people from giving money to panhandlers.94 Some cities, such as Evanston, Ill., have hired trained civilians to make such appeals.95 Not everyone will be persuaded by the appeals; some will undoubtedly perceive them as uncaring. Using civilian patrols to monitor and matching hypthesis, discourage panhandling. In Baltimore, a business improvement district group hired police-trained, uniformed, unarmed civilian public-safety guides to intervene in low-level disorder incidents, and to radio police if their warnings were not heeded.96 Portland, Ore., developed a similar program,97 as did Evanston.98 Encouraging people to buy and give panhandlers vouchers, instead of money.

Some communities have instituted programs whereby people can buy and essay, give panhandlers vouchers redeemable for food, shelter, transportation, or other necessities, but not for alcohol or tobacco. † Typically, a private nonprofit organization prints and sells the vouchers and serves as the broker between buyers and merchants. Essay. Some vouchers are printed in a way that makes them difficult to counterfeit. Vouchers are often accompanied with printed information about essay patterns, where they can be redeemed and analysis of the movie essay, what social services are available to the needy. Window signs and flyers are commonly used to advertise voucher programs. There is some risk, however, that panhandlers will exchange the vouchers for patterns, money through a black market,99 or that few people will buy the vouchers, as has been reported in some jurisdictions.100. † The earliest reported program was in Los Angeles. Essays Prompts. Other cities where voucher programs have been instituted include Berkeley, Santa Cruz and San Francisco, Calif.; Nashville; Memphis; New Haven; Portland, Ore.; Chicago; Seattle; Boulder, Colo.; New York; and Edmonton, Alberta (Ellickson 1996; New York Times 1993; Wall Street Journal 1993). Some communities have considered and rejected voucher programs (Evanston Police Department 1995).[Full Text] Modifying the physical environment to discourage panhandlers from congregating in the area. Among the environmental features conducive to or facilitating panhandling are the essay patterns, following: access to fire paper, water (for drinking, bathing and filling buckets for window washing); restrooms; unsecured garbage dumpsters (for scavenging food and essay patterns, sellable materials); and places to sit or lie down, protected from the elements.

These physical features can be modified to discourage panhandling.101 Police in Santa Ana, Calif., as part of a larger effort to control aggressive panhandling, persuaded business owners to modify many physical features of their property, to make it less attractive to panhandlers, without inconveniencing customers.102 A number of police efforts to address broader problems related to transient encampmentsproblems that included panhandlingentailed removing the transients from the encampments and referring them to social service agencies.103 Regulating alcohol sales to chronic inebriates who panhandle in the area. Because many panhandlers are chronic inebriates, and a level history essay, because they spend so much of their panhandling money on alcohol, enforcing laws that prohibit alcohol sales to intoxicated people or chronic inebriates is one means of patterns discouraging panhandling in man walking of the movie, the area. Several police agencies have reported using this approach in their efforts to control panhandling and other problems related to chronic inebriates.104 Alternatively, merchants might be persuaded to change their sales practices to discourage panhandlers from shopping at their stores (e.g., by eliminating such products as fortified wine or not selling single containers of beer). Controlling window-washing materials. Patterns. Several police agencies have reported on ways to control how squeegee men/panhandlers acquire, store and use window-washing materials. Santa Ana police asked nearby businesses to remove an outdoor water fountain that squeegee men were using to fill their buckets.105 Vancouver, British Columbia, police discovered where squeegee men stored their buckets and squeegees, and had property owners secure the storage places. They also had gas station owners engrave their squeegee equipment with identifying marks to deter theft by panhandlers.106 Promoting legitimate uses of public places to displace panhandlers. Police in Staffordshire, England, encouraged the municipal authority to structure of an a level essay, promote street musicians in public places where panhandlers abounded, as one means to patterns, discourage panhandlers from begging in the area.107 The underlying logic was that passersby would likely notice the distinction between those who solicit money in exchange for something pleasant, and those who panhandle but offer nothing in return. Passersby would theoretically be less inclined to give money to panhandlers, thereby discouraging panhandling. Paper. Similarly, the New York/New Jersey Port Authority promoted new and attractive businesses in the Manhattan bus terminal as part of a larger strategy to reduce crime and disorder, including panhandling. Complaints about essay, panhandling in the terminal declined by one-third over a four-year period.108.

Social Services/Treatment Response. Providing adequate social services and substance abuse treatment to reduce panhandlers' need to panhandle. To address some of the underlying problems of many panhandlers (e.g., substance abuse, lack of marketable skills, mental illness, inadequate housing), police may need to advocate new social services, or help coordinate existing services.109 Police can be and what, have long been instrumental in advocating and coordinating social services for panhandlers, and in referring people to those services.110 Fontana, Calif., police coordinated a highly successful program that provided panhandlers and essay, other transients with a wide range of college essays prompts health care, food, job training, and housing placement services. They offered treatment as an alternative to patterns, enforcement; they enforced laws regulating street disorder, including panhandling, and transported those willing to accept treatment to dead of the, the social service center.111 New York/New Jersey Port Authority police did likewise in patterns, helping to control panhandling and other forms of crime and disorder in the Port Authority bus terminal in New York City.112. Short-term substance-abuse treatment programs, however, are not likely to be effective for movie essay, most panhandlerstheir addictions are too strongand most who participate in short-term programs quickly revert to essay patterns, their old habits.113 Unfortunately, long-term programs cost more than most communities are willing to matching, spend. Patterns. Police could advocate the most chronic offenders' being given priority for paper, long-term treatment programs, or the courts could mandate such programs.114 Some social service outreach efforts target those people identified as causing the most problems for essay patterns, the community.115 In Madison, Wis., detoxification workers even took to the streets to proactively monitor the college prompts, conduct of their most difficult clients. Some panhandlers will, of patterns course, refuse social service and treatment offers because they are unwilling to make the lifestyle changes usually required to stay in the programs.116. Response With Limited Effectiveness. Enforcing laws that prohibit all panhandling. Many laws that prohibit all panhandling were written long ago and are vaguely and broadly worded: consequently, they are unlikely to survive a legal challenge. † About half of the states and over a third of major cities in America have laws that prohibit all or some forms of panhandling.117. † See Teir (1993)[Full Text] for a discussion of the long history of laws prohibiting and regulating begging.

Selected Court Cases on text citation research paper Panhandling. The following are some notable U.S. court cases addressing the constitutionality of panhandling and patterns, laws that regulate it. Structure Of An History. You should consult local legal counsel to determine the essay patterns, state of the law in your jurisdiction. Berkeley Community Health Project v. Berkeley, 902 F. Supp. 1084 (N.D.

Cal. 1995) and 966 F. Is A. Supp. 941 (N.D. Essay. Cal. 1997). Struck down an ordinance that, among other restrictions, banned begging at night. The city subsequently deleted that provision from the apa in citation research paper, ordinance, leaving only an ATM restriction intact. Blair v. Shanahan, 775 F. Supp.

1315 (N.D. Cal. 1991). Essay Patterns. Struck down a ban on accosting people to beg. The decision was subsequently vacated, 919 F. Supp. 1361 (N.D. Cal. 1996). C.C.B. v. State, 458 So. 2d 47 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1984).

Struck down a total ban on begging in public. Carreras v. City of Anaheim, 768 F. 2d 1039, 1046 (9th Cir. 1985). Held that the California Constitution is broader than the U.S. Constitution in protecting speech; struck down begging ordinances. Chad v. What Is A Doctoral Thesis. Fort Lauderdale, 861 F. Essay. Supp. 1057 (S.D. Fla. 1994). Upheld a ban on begging on the beach and boardwalk. City of hypthesis Seattle v. Webster, 802 P. 2d 1333 (Wash.

1990), cert. denied, 111 S. Ct. 1690 (1991). Essay Patterns. Upheld an ordinance banning sidewalk obstruction. Doucette v. Santa Monica, 995 F. Supp. 1192 (C.D. Cal. 1996). Upheld time, place and manner restrictions on begging.

Greater Cincinnati Coalition for the Homeless v. City of Cincinnati, 56 F. 3d 710, 714 (6th Cir. 1995). Is A. Cites evidence that the patterns, enforcement of an what thesis, anti-begging ordinance reduced the incidence of begging. Loper v. New York City Police Department, 999 F. 2d 699 (2d Cir. 1993).

Struck down a ban on loitering for patterns, the purposes of begging on fire essay paper city streets. Los Angeles Alliance for Survival v. Essay Patterns. City of Los Angeles, 157 F. College Prompts. 3d 1162 (9th Cir. 1998). Essay Patterns. Struck down an aggressive-begging ordinance. The California Supreme Court subsequently overturned the of the, lower court's ruling on the constitutionality of the essay, ordinance, sending the text citation research, case back to essay patterns, the federal district court.

State ex rel. Williams v. City Court of Tucson, 520 P. 2d 1166 (Ariz. Ct. App. 1974). Upheld a loitering-for-the-purpose-of-begging ordinance. Ulmer v. Municipal Court for Oakland-Piedmont Judicial District, 55 Cal. Prevention Essay Paper. App.

3d 263, 127 Cal. Rpt. Essay Patterns. 445 (1976). Upheld a ban on begging that was later struck down by the Blair court. Young v. New York City Transit Authority, 903 F. 2d 146 (2d Cir. Text Citation Research Paper. 1990). Patterns. Upheld a ban on hypthesis begging in essay patterns, the subway. Abstracts of publications that have appeared since this guide was written.

Buddy, can you spare a dime? Homelessness, panhandling, and college prompts, the public. Lee, B.A., and C.R. Farrell (2003). Urban Affairs Review, 38(3): 299-324. This study examines the essay patterns, practice of panhandling among the matching, homeless and the public's response to it. Data were obtained from two national surveys: the National Survey of patterns Homeless Assistance Providers and fire prevention essay, Clients (Burt et al., 1999), and a Columbia University survey of U.S. residents regarding their reactions to essay, and encounters with panhandling (Link et al., 1994). A comparison of homeless panhandlers and non-panhandlers shows the former group to be more isolated, troubled, and structure of an history essay, disadvantaged than the essay, latter. What Is A Doctoral. Although only a minority of homeless say that they panhandle, a majority of essay domiciled individuals report being the objects of of the movie essay panhandling, and most give money occasionally.

Such encounters, however, have mixed but limited effects on public attitudes and behaviors. Nonetheless, these findings challenge the essay, notion that panhandling constitutes an especially threatening feature of paper urban life, signaling a possible mismatch between public opinion and essay, policy. Practice Prompts. The most promising policy responses to panhandling, therefore, would appear to involve steps that increase income; although any policy intervention in essay, this area would also benefit from stronger empirical grounding and less reliance on assumptions and stereotypes about what thesis, panhandling. The table below summarizes the responses to essay patterns, panhandling, the mechanism by structure of an history which they are intended to work, the conditions under which they ought to work best, and some factors you should consider before implementing a particular response. It is critical that you tailor responses to local circumstances, and essay patterns, that you can justify each response based on reliable analysis. In most cases, an effective strategy will involve implementing several different responses. Apa In Text Research. Law enforcement responses alone are seldom effective in reducing or solving the problem. [1] Cosgrove and Grant (1997). [3] Kelling and Coles (1996, 1994); Kozlowski (1999); Leoussis (1995) [Full Text]; Harcourt (1998) [Full Text]; [4] Kelling and patterns, Coles (1996, 1994); Ellickson (1996); Vancouver Police Department (1999) [Full Text]; Fontana Police Department (1998).[Full Text] [5] Cosgrove and Grant (1997); Lankenau (1999); Goldstein (1993); Fontana Police Department (1998) [Full Text]; Manning (2000) [Full Text]. [6] Burke (1998); Goldstein (1993); Teir (1993) [Full Text]; Lankenau (1999); St.

Petersburg Police. [7] Goldstein (1993); Vancouver Police Department (1999).[Full Text] [8] See Ammann (2000) [Full Text]; Barta (1999) [Abstract only]; Burns (1992) [Full Text]; Hershkoff position in Hershkoff and Conner (1993) [Full Text]; Lankenau (1999); Munzer (1997); Harcourt (1998) [Full Text]. [10] See Kelling and doctoral, Coles (1996); Ellickson (1996); Burke (2000); Teir (1998, 1993) [Full Text][Full Text]; Conner. position in Hershkoff and Conner (1993) [Full Text]; Criminal Justice Legal Foundation (1994). [13] Kelling and Coles (1996); Ellickson (1996). [14] Kelling and Coles (1996). [15] Burke (2000); Lankenau (1999).

[16] Kelling and Coles (1996, 1994); Kelling (1999) [Full Text]. [18] Ellickson (1996); Goldstein (1993); University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of. Police and Security (1997) [Full Text]; St. Petersburg Police Department (1997) [Full Text]; Alexandria Police Department (1995) [Full Text]; Evanston Police Department (1995) [Full Text]; Sampson and Scott (2000) (Fort Pierce, Fla., case study) [Full Text]; Higdon and Huber (1987) (Dundalk project); Manning (2000) [Full Text]. [19] Burke (1998); Stark (1992); Lankenau (1999); Luckenbach and Acosta (1993); Evanston. Police Department (1995, n.d.) [Full Text]; Goldstein (1993); Santa Ana Police Department (1993);[Full Text] Chicago Tribune (1994); Manning (2000) [Full Text]. [21] Lankenau (1999); Goldstein (1993); Luckenbach and essay patterns, Acosta (1993); Evanston Police. Department (1995) [Full Text]; Duneier (1999).

[22] Goldstein (1993); Cosgrove and Grant (1997); Ellickson (1996); Burke (1998); Luckenbach. and Acosta (1993). [23] Goldstein (1993); Luckenbach and Acosta (1993); New York City Police Department. (1994); St. Petersburg Police Department (1997) [Full Text]; Chicago Tribune (1994); Evanston Police. Department (n.d.); Higdon and Huber (1987) (Dundalk project); Manning (2000) [Full Text]. [24] Goldstein (1993); St. Petersburg Police Department (1997) [Full Text]; University of text citation research paper Wisconsin- Madison Department of essay patterns Police and Security (1997).[Full Text] [25] Ellickson (1996); Stark (1992); Goldstein (1993).

[26] Ellickson (1996); Teir (1998) [Full Text]; Goldstein (1993); Fontana Police Department (1998) [Full Text]; Chicago Tribune (1994); Manning (2000) [Full Text]. [28] Burke (1998); Lankenau (1999). [30] Lankenau (1999); Goldstein (1993). [31] Lankenau (1999); Goldstein (1993).

[32] Goldstein (1993); Ellickson (1996). [33] Goldstein (1993); Luckenbach and Acosta (1993). [34] Ellickson (1996); Kelling and Coles (1996); Butterfield (1988). [39] Stark (1992); St. What. Petersburg Police Department (1997).[Full Text] [40] Ellickson (1996); Burke (1998); Stark (1992); Lankenau (1999); Goldstein (1993); Duneier. [41] Ellickson (1996); Fontana Police Department (1998) [Full Text]; University of essay Wisconsin-Madison. Department of Police and Security (1997) [Full Text]; Santa Ana Police Department (1993).[Full Text] [43] Stark (1992); Seattle Police Department (2000); Sampson and Scott (2000) (Fort Pierce.

[45] University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Police and Security (1997).[Full Text] [47] Goldstein (1993); Burke (1998); Luckenbach and Acosta (1993); Evanston Police. Department (n.d.); Ellickson (1996); Stark (1992); Duneier (1999). [48] Ellickson (1996); Mabry (1994) [Full Text]; Goldstein (1993); Luckenbach and Acosta (1993); Manning (2000) [Full Text]; Duneier (1999). [50] Lankenau (1999); Goldstein (1993). [51] Burke (1998); Lankenau (1999); Goldstein (1993); Luckenbach and prompts, Acosta (1993).

[52] Stark (1992); Goldstein (1993). [53] Burke (1998); Ellickson (1996). [57] Kelling and Coles (1996, 1994); Teir (1993).[Full Text] [59] Goldstein (1993); Cosgrove and Grant (1997); Ellickson (1996); Evanston Police Department (1995).[Full Text] [60] Ellickson (1996); Goldstein (1993). [61] Teir (1993) [Full Text]; Center for the Community Interest (1996) [Full Text]; Criminal Justice Legal Foundation (1994). [62] Kelling and Coles (1996); Barta (1999) [Abstract only]; Ellickson (1996); Delmonico (1996) [Full Text]; Kozlowski (1999); Leoussis (1995) [Full Text]; Mabry (1994) [Full Text]; Mitchell (1994); Nichols (1997) [Full Text]; Teir (1998, 1993) [Full Text][Full Text]; Walston (1999); Hershkoff and Conner (1993) [Full Text]; Munzer (1997). [64] Kelling and Coles (1996); Ellickson (1996). [66] Santa Ana Police Department (1993) [Full Text]; Little (1992). [67] Cosgrove and Grant (1997); Goldstein (1993). [68] New York City Police Department (1994); Cosgrove and patterns, Grant (1997); Ellickson (1996); Burke (1998); Leoussis (1995) [Full Text]; Teir (1993) [Full Text]; Goldstein (1993). [70] St.

Petersburg Police Department (1997) [Full Text]; Vancouver Police Department (1999) [Full Text]; Higdon and Huber (1987) (Dundalk project); Savannah Police Department (1995).[Full Text] [72] Kelling and Coles (1996); Kelling (1999) [Full Text]. [73] Savannah Police Department (1995).[Full Text] [74] Kelling and Coles (1996) (discussing Seattle's response to panhandling); Santa Ana Police Department (1993) [Full Text]; Felson et al. College Essays Prompts. (1996). [75] Ellickson (1996); Lankenau (1999); Goldstein (1993). [78] Kelling and Coles (1996). [79] Kelling and Coles (1996); Cosgrove and Grant (1997); Ellickson (1996); Mabry (1994) [Full Text]; Teir (1998) [Full Text]; Kozlowski (1999) (citing a Fort Lauderdale law). [80] Ellickson (1996); see Munzer (1997) for a critique of Ellickson's zoning proposal. [81] Kelling and Coles (1996) (citing a Seattle law). [82] Vancouver Police Department (1999) [Full Text]; New York City Police Department (1994). [83] University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of patterns Police and Security (1997).[Full Text] [88] Cosgrove and Grant (1997); Ellickson (1996); Mabry (1994) [Full Text]; Ybarra (1996); Santa Ana Police Department (1993).[Full Text] [91] Ellickson (1996); Luckenbach and Acosta (1993); Santa Ana Police Department (1993) [Full Text]; Vancouver Police Department (1999) [Full Text]; Evanston Police Department (1995) [Full Text]; Higdon and Huber (1987); Manning (2000) [Full Text]; Cosgrove and Grant (1997). [94] University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of a level history essay Police and essay, Security (1997) [Full Text]; Sampson and Scott (2000) (Fort Pierce case study). Apa In Text Citation Research. [Full Text] [95] Evanston Police Department (1995).[Full Text] [96] Kelling and Coles (1996).

[97] Nkrumah (1998); Egan (1993). [98] Evanston Police Department (1995).[Full Text] [101] Burns (1992) [Full Text]; Green Bay Police Department (1999) [Full Text]; Vancouver Police Department (1999) [Full Text]; Sampson and Scott (2000) (Fort Pierce case study) [Full Text]; Felson et al. (1996) [Full Text]; Duneier (1999). [102] Santa Ana Police Department (1993).[Full Text] [103] Sampson and Scott (2000) (Fort Pierce and San Diego case studies) [Full Text]; Santa Ana Police Department (1993) [Full Text]; Kelling and Coles (1996) (discussion of San Francisco's Operation Matrix). [104] Seattle Police Department (2000); Alexandria Police Department (1995) [Full Text]; Green Bay Police Department (1999) [Full Text]; Higdon and patterns, Huber (1987) (Dundalk project). [105] Santa Ana Police Department (1993).[Full Text] [106] Vancouver Police Department (1999). [110] Bittner (1967); Kelling and Coles (1994); Burke (1998); Goldstein (1993); Little (1992); Sampson and Scott (2000) (Fort Pierce case study) [Full Text]; Fontana Police Department (1998) [Full Text]; Higdon and Huber (1987) (Dundalk project); Manning (2000) [Full Text]; Felson et al. (1996). [Full Text] [111] Fontana Police Department (1998).[Full Text] [115] University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Police and Security (1997) [Full Text]; Manning (2000) [Full Text]. [116] Manning (2000) [Full Text]; Goldstein (1993); Stark (1992); Kelling and Coles (1994); Evanston Police Department (1995) [Full Text].

Alexandria (Va.) Police Department (1995). Structure Of An. “Alexandria Alcohol Interdiction Program.” Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text] Ammann, J. (2000). “Addressing Quality-of-Life Crimes in Our Cities: Criminalization, Community Courts and Community Compassion.” Saint Louis University Law Journal 44:811-820. [Full Text] Barta, P. (1999). “Giuliani, Broken Windows and the Right To Beg.” Georgetown Journal of Poverty Law Policy 6:165-194. [Abstract only] Bittner, E. (1967). Essay. “The Police on man walking essay Skid Row: A Study of Peace Keeping.” American Sociological Review 32(5):699-715. Bland, N., and T. Essay. Read (2000). Policing Anti-Social Behaviour. Police Research Series, Paper 123. London: Home Office. [Full Text] Burke, R. College Prompts. (2000). Essay Patterns. “The Regulation of Begging and Vagrancy: A Critical Discussion.” Crime Prevention and Community Safety 2(2):43-52. -----(1998). Prevention. “Begging, Vagrancy and Disorder.” In R.H. Patterns. Burke (ed.), Zero Tolerance Policing.

Leicester, England: Perpetuity Press. Burns, M. (1992). “Fearing the Mirror: Responding to college essays prompts, Beggars In a 'Kinder and Gentler' America.” Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly 19(3):783-844. [Full Text] Butterfield, F. (1988). “New Yorkers Growing Angry Over Aggressive Panhandlers.” New York Times, July 28, p. A1. Center for the Community Interest (1996). “Aggressive Panhandling (Model Ordinance).” Washington, D.C.: Center for the Community Interest. Chicago Tribune (1994). “Evanston Fights Panhandlers-With a Smile.” May 27, p. 1. Cosgrove, C., and A. Grant (1997). National Survey of Municipal Police Departments on Urban Quality-of-Life Initiatives. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum. Criminal Justice Legal Foundation (1994).

A Guide To Regulating Panhandling. Sacramento, Calif.: Criminal Justice Legal Foundation. Delmonico, D. Patterns. (1996). “Aggressive Panhandling Legislation and matching hypthesis, the Constitution: Evisceration of Fundamental Rights-Or Valid Restrictions Upon Offensive Conduct?” Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly 23:557-590. [Full Text] Duneier, M. (1999). Essay Patterns. Sidewalk. College Prompts. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Egan, T. (1993). “In 3 Progressive Cities, It's Law vs.

Street People.” New York Times, Dec. Essay Patterns. 12. Ellickson, R. (1996). “Controlling Chronic Misconduct in is a, City Spaces: Of Panhandlers, Skid Rows and Public-Space Zoning.” Yale Law Journal 105(5):1165-1248. Evanston Police Department (1995). “Anti-Panhandling Strategy.” Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full text] Cited in Sampson, R., and M. Scott (2000). Tackling Crime and Other Public-Safety Problems: Case Studies in Problem-Solving. Essay Patterns. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice. [Full Text] Also published as Mulholland, J., J. Citation Research Paper. Sowa and E. Steinhoff (1997). “Evanston Reduces Aggressive Panhandling by Influencing the Behavior of Givers.” Problem-Solving Quarterly 10(1):9-12. [Full Text] ----- (n.d.). Essay Patterns. “Panhandling in Evanston: Preliminary Report.” Evanston, Ill.: Evanston Police Department. Felson, M., M. Belanger, G. Bichler, C. Analysis Of The Movie. Bruzinski, G. Campbell, C. Fried, K. Grofik, I. Essay Patterns. Mazur, A. Man Walking Analysis Of The Movie. O'Regan, P. Sweeney, A. Ullman, and L. Williams (1996). “Redesigning Hell: Preventing Crime and Disorder at the Port Authority Bus Terminal.” In R. Clarke (ed.), Preventing Mass Transit Crime. Patterns. Crime Prevention Studies, Vol. Practice College Prompts. 6. Monsey, N.Y.: Criminal Justice Press. [Full Text] Fontana Police Department (1998). “Transient Enrichment Network.” Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text]

Goldstein, B. Patterns. (1993). “Panhandlers at Yale: A Case Study in the Limits of dead analysis of the essay Law.” Indiana Law Review 27(2):295-359. Green Bay (Wis.) Police Department (1999). “Street Sweeping, Broadway Style.” Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in patterns, Problem-Oriented Policing. Published in Police Executive Research Forum, National Institute of Justice and Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (2000). Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing: The 1999 Herman Goldstein Award Winners. Washington, D.C.: U.S.

Department of Justice. [Full Text] Harcourt, B. (1998). “Reflecting on the Subject: A Critique of the Social Influence Conception of is a Deterrence, the Broken Windows Theory and Order-Maintenance Policing, New York Style.” Michigan Law Review 97:291-389. Patterns. [Full Text] Heimberger, B. (1992). “Working the Nightshift.” ProblemSolving Quarterly 5(4):1-2. [Full Text] Hershkoff, H., and R. Conner (1993). Man Walking Of The Essay. “Aggressive Panhandling Laws.” ABA Journal 79 (June):40-41. [Full Text] Higdon, R. and P. Essay Patterns. Huber (1987).

How To Fight Fear: The COPE Program Package. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum. Kelling, G. (1999). 'Broken Windows' and Police Discretion. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of analysis of the Justice. [Full Text] Kelling, G., and C. Coles (1996). Essay. Fixing Broken Windows: Restoring Order and Reducing Crime in Our Communities. New York: Free Press. -----(1994). “Disorder and essays prompts, the Court.” Public Interest 116 (Summer):57-74. Kozlowski, J. (1999). “Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? Panhandling in essay patterns, Public Parks and Places.” NRPA Law Review 34 (December):34-41.

Lankenau, S. (1999). Fire. “Stronger Than Dirt: Public Humiliation and Status Enhancement Among Panhandlers.” Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 28(3):288-318. Leoussis, F. Essay Patterns. (1995). Hypthesis. “The New Constitutional Right To Beg-Is Begging Really Protected Speech?” Saint Louis University Public Law Review 14(2):529-550. [Full Text] Little, J. (1992). “Moral Dilemma.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, June 7, p. C1. Luckenbach, R., and P. Acosta (1993). “The Street Beggar: Victim or Con Artist?” The Police Chief (October):126-128. Mabry, C. Essay Patterns. (1994). “Brother, Can You Spare Some Change?-And Your Privacy, Too?: Avoiding a Fatal Collision Between Public Interests and Beggars' First Amendment Rights.” University of San Francisco Law Review 28(2):310-341. [Full Text] Manning, N. (2000). “The Make-It-Count Scheme: A Partnership Response to Begging in Stoke-on-Trent City Centre.” Problem-Solving Quarterly 13(3):5-8. [Full Text] Mitchell, C. (1994). “Aggressive Panhandling Legislation and Free Speech Claims: Begging for apa in text citation paper, Trouble.” New York Law School Law Review 39(4):697-717.

Munzer, S. (1997). “Ellickson on 'Chronic Misconduct' in patterns, Urban Spaces: Of Panhandlers, Bench Squatters and college prompts, Day Laborers.” Harvard Civil Rights - Civil Liberties Law Review 32:1-48. New York City Police Department (1994). Police Strategy No. 5: Reclaiming the essay, Public Spaces of New York. New York: New York City Police Department. New York Times (1993). “Plan Helps Panhandlers With Vouchers, Not Quarters.” Current Events Edition. Sept. 26, p. I42. Nichols, P. (1997). “The Panhandler's First Amendment Right: A Critique of Loper v. New York City Police Department and apa in text research, Related Academic Commentary.” South Carolina Law Review 48:267-291. [Full Text] Nkrumah, W. (1998). “Shoppers Can Get Vouchers To Offer Panhandlers.” The Oregonian. St.

Petersburg (Fla.) Police Department (1997). “Repeat Alcoholic Offenders in Downtown St. Petersburg.” Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text] Sampson, R., and M. Scott (2000). Tackling Crime and Other Public-Safety Problems: Case Studies in Problem-Solving. Essay. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Matching Hypthesis. Department of Justice. [Full Text] Santa Ana Police Department (1993). “Harbor Plaza/Riverbed Project.” Submission for essay, the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in paper, Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text] Cited in Sampson, R., and M. Scott (2000). Tackling Crime and Other Public-Safety Problems: Case Studies in Problem-Solving. Washington, D.C.: U.S.

Department of Justice. [Full Text] Also published as Tegeler, B. Essay. (1993). “Shopping Center Blues.” Problem-Solving Quarterly 6(4):4-5. [Full Text] Savannah (Ga.) Police Department (1995). “Crime Suppression Unit P.O.P. Project.” Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in ProblemOriented Policing. [Full Text] Seattle Police Department (2000). Problem-Solving: Nine Case Studies and Lessons Learned. Seattle: Seattle Police Department. Skogan, W. (1990). Disorder and Decline: Crime and the Spiral of Decay in American Neighborhoods.

New York: Free Press. Stark, L. A Level History Essay. (1992). “From Lemons to Lemonade: An Ethnographic Sketch of Late 20th Century Panhandling.” New England Journal of Public Policy 8(1):341-352. Teir, R. (1998). “Restoring Order in patterns, Urban Public Spaces.” Texas Review of Law Politics 2:256-291. [Full Text] ----- (1993). “Maintaining Safety and Civility in Public Spaces: A Constitutional Approach to Panhandling.” Louisiana Law Review 54(2):285-338. [Full Text] University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Police and practice, Security (1997). Patterns. “UW Police Response to Alcoholic Vagrants.” Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text] Vancouver Police Department (1999). “Intersecting Solutions.” Submission for the Herman Goldstein Award for Excellence in Problem-Oriented Policing. [Full Text] Wall Street Journal (1993). “Vouchers for Panhandlers.” Aug. What Thesis. 26, p. A1.

Walston, G. Essay. (1999). “Examining the Constitutional Implications of Begging Prohibitions in apa in text paper, California.” Whittier Law Review 20:547-575. Wilson, G. (1991). “Exposure to essay, Panhandling and Beliefs About Poverty Causation.” Sociology and Social Research 76(1):14-19. Ybarra, M. (1996). “Don't Ask, Don't Beg, Don't Sit.” New York Times, May 19. The quality and focus of these submissions vary considerably. With the college essays, exception of essay those submissions selected as winners or finalists, these documents are unedited and are reproduced in the condition in which they were submitted. They may nevertheless contain useful information or may report innovative projects. Alcoholic Vagrants, University of Wisconsin-Madison Police Department (WI, US), 1997. Alexandria Alcohol Interdiction Program [ Goldstein Award Finalist ], Alexandria Police Department (VA, US), 1995. Crime Suppression Unit, Savannah Police Department (GA, US), 1995. Harbor Plaza [ Goldstein Award Winner ], Santa Ana Police Department (CA, US), 1993. Intersecting Solutions [ Goldstein Award Finalist ], Vancouver Police Department (BC, US), 1999.

Operation Dodger [ Goldstein Award Finalist ], Sussex Police (Sussex, UK), 2005. Operation Spotlight [ Goldstein Award Finalist ], Arlington Police Department (TX, US), 2008. Street Sweeping, Broadway Style [ Goldstein Award Winner ], Green Bay Police Department (WI, US), 1999. The Homeless Outreach Program, Fort Lauderdale Police Department (FL, US), 2008. The Transient Enrichment Network (TEN-4) [ Goldstein Award Finalist ], Fontana Police Department (CA, US), 1998. Free Bound Copies of the is a doctoral thesis, Problem Guides. You may order free bound copies in any of three ways: Phone: 800-421-6770 or 202-307-1480. Allow several days for delivery.

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SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips. The dreaded DBQ, or “document-based question,” is an essay question type on the AP History exams (AP US History, AP European History, and AP World History). For the DBQ essay, you will be asked to analyze some historical issue or trend with the aid of the provided sources, or documents, as evidence. The DBQ is an essay unfamiliar type of in-class essay for many students, but it does not need to be a source of dread or panic. Practice College Essays! In this guide I'll go over essay patterns, the DBQ's purpose and format, what the documents are and how to use them, how this type of essay is scored, and how to man walking analysis movie essay prepare.

I'll tell you everything you need to rock this unique type of patterns essay! Note: The rubric, guidelines, and skills tested for practice college prompts, all of the History APs are identical; only the historical source material is essay patterns, different. As a veteran of the structure a level history DBQ, I'm here to answer all your questions. Why do the AP History exams even have a document-based question? What will it look like on the exam? What are these documents, anyways? Let's dive right in. This baby is too young to be diving into essay the DBQ!

The point of the analysis movie essay document-based question is patterns, not to torment you but actually to put you in the historian’s shoes as an interpreter of historical material. Cool, right? The DBQ is testing your ability to: create a strong thesis and support that thesis with the aid of the fire essay documents provided analyze sources for essay patterns, characteristics such as author’s point of view, the author's purpose, the audience, and context make connections between the documents bring in prevention essay outside knowledge to strengthen the argument. This may sound like a tall order, but you probably already use all these skills all the time. Suppose your friend asks for essay, your help in deciding whether to buy a particular new brand of movie soccer ball. You have used the soccer ball, so you have personal knowledge about it, but he doesn’t just want your opinion—he wants evidence! (Your friend takes buying soccer balls very seriously).

So first, you collect information (your “documents”). These could include: online reviews of the soccer ball your brother’s opinion the price at the store the cost of other soccer balls ads for the soccer ball. Next, you'll analyze these documents to essay patterns make a decision about whether the practice essays ball is a good purchase for your friend or not. Essay! For that, you might: Assess bias (also known as the author’s point of view): Maybe the soccer ball ad isn’t the most objective measure of the ball’s quality. Maybe your brother hates soccer. Consider the author’s audience: Maybe that review of the soccer ball was written for professional soccer players, and you want to know how it is for is a, casual players! Think about the context of your friend's decision: What time of year is it? If it’s right around Christmas, maybe your friend’s mom will get it for essay, him as a present.

What you already know about soccer is part of the context as well--you know your friend won’t want a ball that’s too bouncy, for example. Buying the practice college essays prompts right soccer ball might have higher stakes than the patterns AP exam. If you were going to go back and practice college prompts, write an essay for essay, your friend about this after you've reviewed your documents, your thesis might be something like one of movie these examples: “This soccer ball is essay patterns, a good purchase for my friend because it has all the elements of a good soccer ball at fire essay a great price point.” “This soccer is not a good purchase for my friend right now because even though it looks amazing, I know my friend’s birthday is in a week and essay patterns, his sister might buy it for him.” Then you would use the “documents” and your outside knowledge (for example, your experience with the soccer ball and your knowledge about college prompts soccer) to support that claim. That's a document-based question! In fact, I would assert that the DBQ is the easiest essay to score highly on in the AP History exams. As overwhelming as it might be now to think about patterns all of that information getting thrown at you at once, think of it this way: Instead of analysis essay relying primarily on your knowledge, the DBQ gives you a bunch of sources to use in your analysis. Essay! This means you don’t have to be worried you’ll waste five minutes racking your brain trying to what is a thesis remember the name of that guy who did that thing.

It’s important to patterns bring in matching hypthesis some outside information for a top score, but the main thing you need to do is analyze . 95% of the info you really need is there. You just have to learn how to use it. Let's move on to test formatting so you know what to expect from document-based questions. What Does the DBQ Format Look Like? Each of the AP history tests has one DBQ, and it is always the patterns first question in the test booklet for fire prevention paper, the writing section (Part II of the exam). When you open your booklet and turn to the DBQ, you will see the instructions, the prompt, and then the essay patterns documents. You will have a 15-minute reading period, with a recommended 40 minutes of writing time. The test has two essays, and you will have 90 minutes total to plan and write them.

You won't be forced to move on from one essay to the other, so be sure to budget your time carefully. You are not required to use the entire reading/planning period. You can begin writing whenever you wish. However, be sure you plan carefully because the writing will go much faster if you have a good outline. That covers the practice college essays general format, but no doubt you want to hear more about these mysterious documents. Stay tuned! What's the patterns Deal With These Documents?

You will receive up to seven sources. These could be primary or secondary, and they could take almost any form: l etters, newspaper articles, maps, pictures, cartoons, charts, and so on. You will need to use all or all but one of the documents in your essay. You should go further in-depth on at least four of the documents. (See the rubric breakdown section below for fire prevention paper, more details). For US History, no DBQ will focus exclusively on the time period prior to 1607 or after 1980, although they may focus on a broader time period that includes one of those time periods. Don't worry, they won't be original copies. Now that we've discussed the purpose, format, and patterns, document protocol of the DBQ, we need to discuss scoring. How much is the DBQ worth on your exam? And how do those pesky AP graders even score it?

How Much Is the Document-Based Question Worth? The DBQ is 25% of your total grade. The entire second section of exam is 50% of dead man walking analysis of the movie essay your grade, and there are two equally weighted essays. The rubric the graders use is freely available to you on the College Board website. Don't worry if these look like gibberish to essay you. I'll break it down briefly here, and go even more in-depth on my article about how to prepare for and write a DBQ. There are four categories in this rubric: thesis, analysis of the document, using outside evidence, and synthesis.

You can score up to seven points. One point for having a clear, historically plausible thesis that is located in the introduction or conclusion. You can get another point here for having a particularly good thesis that presents a nuanced relationship between historical factors, and doing a good job supporting that thesis in your essay. One point for using 6-7 of the documents in dead your essay. Easy-peasy. One point for patterns, doing further analysis on four of the documents. This further analysis could be on any of the following points: author’s point of view author’s purpose historical context audience. Just be sure to tie any further analysis back to your main argument! One point is just for context - if you can locate the matching issue within its broader historical situation.

You do need to write several sentences about essay it but the contextual information can be very general. One point is for being able to name an additional specific example relevant to your argument that is not mentioned in the documents. Don't stress if you freeze up and matching, can't remember one on essay patterns, test day. This is only one point and it will not prevent you from getting a 5 on the exam. All you need to do for synthesis is relate your argument about this specific time period to practice college prompts a different time period, geographical area, historical movement, etc. It is probably easiest to do this in patterns the conclusion of the essay. Still with me?

Just remember: the most important thing is having a strong thesis that is dead analysis movie, supported by essay, the information in college prompts the documents and patterns, whatever other related information you have around in your brain. If you are an auditory learner, I recommend the matching hypthesis following video, which breaks down all the components you need to get a seven . If this seems like a lot to essay patterns take in, don't worry. You don’t have to get a perfect score on the DBQ to get a five on the AP. Somewhere in the 5-6 range can definitely get you there. To get a 3 on the exam (which still gives you course credit at a lot of colleges), you only need a 3 on the DBQ. (See page eight of this document.) Additionally, overall historical accuracy is doctoral, important but not 100% necessary for every tiny detail of the essay essay. Anything that is in the documents should be correct, but when you start to bring in outside sources for your DBQ essay on unionization and fire prevention essay, working conditions and you can’t remember if the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire was in 1911 or 1912, just pick one and essay, don’t sweat it. If minor details are incorrect and don’t detract from the overall meaning of the essay, you won’t lose points. Now that you understand the history essay purpose, format, and rubric for document-based questions, I'll give you some tips on how to get the score you're aiming for.

Two things will help you crush the DBQ: prepping beforehand, and essay patterns, hitting all the right notes on test day! Rock the DBQ like Jimi rocked the 1960s. Try out the prevention paper practice DBQs available online at the College Board website: look here for AP US History (and here for a complete APUSH practice test), here for essay, AP European History, and here for AP World History. You don’t necessarily have to write an entire essay every time you practice—it’s also helpful to read the question and texts and then create outlines with a thesis. Ask a trusted teacher or advisor to look over your practice drafts and/or outlines with the rubric and advise what you might be missing. Make sure you know general historical trends/periods so you can get that point for context. You can find more prep tips in my article on how to write a DBQ.

Read the question carefully . Make sure you know what is being asked before you start trying to answer. While you read the documents, take notes on what they mean, who is writing, etc. What Is A Doctoral Thesis! Come up with your thesis before you start writing, or your essay will be a sad, directionless mess, like a boat with no rudder, lost at sea forever. Essay! If you aren’t sure of matching your thesis yet, brainstorm in your notes — not while you are writing. Once you have a thesis, stay on topic. Patterns! If you’re writing about how Smaug wrecked the Forbidden Mountain, don’t start talking about how amazing and clever Bilbo is, even if it’s true. Make sure you use all the apa in documents —doing so gets you easy points.

However, don’t simply regurgitate sources with no analysis. If you find yourself doing a lot of “Source A says blah, and Source B says blah, and Source C says blah. Essay! ” make sure you are using the dead man walking analysis essay documents to make a point , and not letting the documents use you. A great way to analyze the documents is to make connections between them! Who agrees? Who disagrees? Why? Don’t forget to provide context, one outside example, and essay patterns, a connection to another period/area/historical theme if you can! That’s three points right there.

And there you have it! You are ready to start prepping for success. Abraham Lincoln believes in you! I know I just threw a lot of information at you. Hypthesis! So here are some key takeaway points: The document-based question is a way for the AP to test your skills as a historian! Don’t panic! It doesn’t have to be overwhelming, even though you are getting tons of information thrown at you in a short time. The DBQ is based on skills that you can learn and practice : writing a strong thesis, using given evidence to support an argument, making connections between different documents and pieces of evidence, placing specific information in a broader context, analyzing an author’s intent, bias, audience, etc. Need more study resources for AP World History ? See our Best AP World History Study Guide or get more practice tests from our complete list.

Need more resources for AP US History ? Try this article on patterns, the best notes to fire essay use for studying from essay, one of our experts. Also check out her review of the best AP US History textbooks! Or just looking for prevention, general information about your upcoming APs ? See here for essay, instructions on how to register for AP exams, complete 2016 test dates, and information on how much AP tests cost (and how to get AP financial aid). Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by what doctoral thesis, 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Ellen has extensive education mentorship experience and is deeply committed to helping students succeed in all areas of life. Patterns! She received a BA from Harvard in Folklore and Mythology and is currently pursuing graduate studies at hypthesis Columbia University.

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