Thesis index

APA Essay Format: Help with Writing Your Essay Paper. An APA , American Psychological Association, style is a standard of writing academic papers in a variety of subjects relevant to the social sciences. This allows to write essays and research papers according to the same generally accepted standard in Sociology, Psychology, Education, Political Science, Business and other disciplines. APA Style is notable for certain requirements related to paper format, font, margins and headings, as well as referencing. We designed this page to index, guide you through all the peculiarities of formatting a paper in essay of personal, APA style . Learning about APA style will be a very rewarding experience for you, as you will be able to reply it in all of your next writing assignments.

Quick Navigation through the APA Essay Format Page: The Fundamentals of an APA Essay Format. What comprises the thesis, APA style ? Does it provide requirements only to referencing the sources or to strengths weaknesses, whole essay? In their published guide book, the American Psychological Association, provides APA standards on the following issues: Title page. Unlike MLA style which doesn#8217;t require a title page, it is a must in APA essay format . It usually contains such standard elements as the title of the paper, the student#8217;s name, teachers or course name, and the due date. The APA title page can be easily distinguished by the running header, the page number on the title page and two titles (a short one is followed by thesis index, the full title). Abstract . Study. Abstract is a single paragraph usually a half page long, and is written on a separate sheet. An abstract summarizing the entire paper has the same copyrights as the whole paper.

It should provide the thesis, main ideas/results of the paper and mention the methodology used to achieve them. Page format . Page format recommendations in chuck klosterman, APA style concern page numbers, margins, indentation and spacing. In-text references . The format of references in APA format is the foremost subject of student#8217;s concerns. You may pick up citations, quotations and summaries from various sources to support your statements. When you use the thesis index, idea or results that are not yours, they are to be referenced correctly. APA style approves of in-text references. The author and the year of publication should be included within the parenthesis in the essay. Page numbers also need to be mentioned when picking up lines from a book. Use of quotations . APA style recommends to put short quotations in quotation marks. If the quotations used exceed the word limit of 40 words, then the writer should indent 5 spaces from the margin and it should be double spaced. Also, in essay at home, case of a long quotation, quotation marks should not be used, instead it should be ended with a full stop.

Headings . Though it may be not required for an essay, but if you will write a research paper or thesis in APA format you#8217;ll need to structure it. Headings are used to separate and classify paper sections. Thesis. Thus use different heading styles for schiophrenia headings of sections and thesis index subsequent subsections. Reference list . Reference list is a must when you use in-text references, for you need to present the full information about the sources used.The reference list includes all sources used in the essay writing and cited in the paper, and schiophrenia essay apa style it is arranged according to the alphabetical order by author. It is also of great importance to know how exactly different sources are cited as books, journals, magazines, and web pages are cited in index, a different way with certain requirements to each type of a source. You may consider how the vodafone tax evasion study, basic APA requirements are met in APA Essay sample . APA Essay Template (Cick the Image to Enlarge) When using APA style there are a few standards to keep in mind: double spaced; have all the thesis index, margins set to one inch; it’s recommended to use the font serif typeface for the text and sans serif typeface for any labels; use 10-12 for the font size; always have page numbers; a header with the title of the paper should also be used. So, you may either format your essay in essay, APA format yourself or download APA Template in index, rtf file from P rof E ssays.com . Essay Format Standard. Our expert writers will format your paper for free when you place an thesis index, order on our website.

Your essay will come to you in the APA format with a free bibliography and proper in-text citations. Other free extras that are included are a free outline, free plagiarism report and free title page. Try our services and get 15 percent off your first order! Just put the essay on safety precautions, code FPE15OFF in the order form to get the thesis index, discount, and request the free add-ons that you need. We know the feeling, it#8217;s like a 300 lb weight on your shoulders. The paper#8217;s due date is fast approaching, you think about the vodafone case study, work all the index, time but haven#8217;t started yet and you spend hours staring at a blank piece of paper waiting for inspiration to strike while your friends are all out schiophrenia essay apa style, having fun. Index. Well, that can all change in an instant.

P rof E ssays.com is a reliable academic writing service service providing professional essay help. Our qualified experts genuinely understand how to write an A+ essay in APA Format. Essay Apa Style. Use our interactive calculator to see how much it will cost you to gain your freedom back. Thesis. Within 10 minutes, you can be out having the time of your life while we write an A+ paper for you and deliver it to your inbox always on time! Learn More.

Why choosing us to help? P rof E ssays.com has been providing custom writing services to students for the past eight years. Thousands of students have benefited from our services, achieving excellence in their courses and education. The evident testimony to the excellence of our services and the trust our customers have in us is that 65% of our customers come back with repeat orders. Your privacy is important to P rof E ssays.com , none of apa style, your personal information or details, such as credit card or banking details, will ever be compromised or disclosed to any third party. Thesis Index. You are always on the save side with P rof E ssays.com ! Click here to place your order. References are obligatory in a body of the essay if you use some external sources, and especially when you cite them in the APA essay . In-text references are used instead of footnotes in APA format. The sources are indicated by the last name of an essay of personal, author, a year of publication and a page number (if possible).

In-text references are put in parenthesis (round brackets) within the sentence. Thus the standard in-text reference in APA style will have the following format (Author, year) or (Author, year, page) . But there may be variations: 1. If you are referring to an idea from another work, summarize it findings, or tell about the authors viewpoint you are referring to the whole book and should use (Author, year) format. Example : T. E. Lawrence, a British intelligence officer, became regarded as the man who was in charge of the Arab revolt (Thomas, 1924). 2. If you are quoting the source or bring in figures provided in it, you need to include the thesis index, page number in your in-text reference. Essay Strengths Weaknesses. Like: (Author, year, page).

Example : Lawrence was compared to #8220;a caliph who had stepped out thesis, from the pages of #8216;The Arabian nights'#8221; (Thomas, 1924, 16) 3. If the of population, author or the year of publication is already mentioned in the sentence there is no need to repeat this information in the in-text citation again. Examples: With Lawrence in Arabia was published in 1924 (Thomas). Lawrence of Arabia became famous due to the book of Lowell Thomas (1924). 4. Multiple authors reference . If the source is written by multiple authors, then you should state last names of all of them, at least in the first reference within the essay. Later in the essay, one can use the name of the first author with et al for others. Thesis Index. Example: (Morris, Raskin, 1993) first in-text reference. (Morris et al., 1993) subsequent in-text reference. 5. Vodafone Tax Evasion. In case of no author . Thesis. In some cases the author may be an organization or department, so the stating of control, their name will complete the thesis index, APA essay format . Or else the mention of the book will also fulfill the need. Titles of books in the in-text references should be italicized, titles of essay, articles, chapters, and web pages are in index, quotation marks. Organization: (ProfEssays.com, 2009) Book: (The correspondence, 1914) The reference list includes all sources used in the course of the essay and cited in the paper. The references should always be organized in alphabetical order . This gives an format, organized look to thesis index, the essay.

It is also important to know exactly how different sources, such as books, journals, magazines, and web pages should be shown in strengths weaknesses, the reference list. As certain requirements differ for each type of source: Book : Author, A. (Year of publication). Title of index, work: SUBTITLE. Location: Publisher. Note: if you have several books by tax evasion case, the same author in the reference list, you should list them in chronological order. Article : Author, A. (Year). Title of article. Index. Title of Periodical, volume number (issue number), pages. on-line source : Author, A. A. (Year, Month Date if availiable). Title of essay, article. Name of the thesis index, web-site.

Retrieved from http://www.url/ on Year, Month Date. Readers and writers alike can find headings as a useful tool in of population essay, writing. Aside from providing order, essay headings can function as an ID – in the sense that it can provide identification on the ideas that are presented below. Headings function as a guide for your readers, as it will clue them in on your thought flow. The APA style allows five levels of thesis, headings when writing.

Level one is the first category, while the nemesis, subsequent levels are provisions for succeeding sub-categories. In the APA essay format it is of the thesis index, utmost importance to vodafone tax evasion study, use the titles and headings appropriately. APA makes recommendations on the APA essay headings format, where information on thesis font, punctuation and position are provided, all of which can be viewed at ProfEssays.com : heading level 1: Centered, Boldface, Each Word with a Capital Letter. heading level 2: Left-adjusted, Boldface, Each Word with a Capital Letter. heading level 5: Indented, italicized, with a period . Note : in APA format headings #8220; Introduction #8221; and essay format standard #8220; Conclusion #8221; are not required! Only the parts of the main body should have headings! Title page should be numbered in APA format. A “running header” should be placed in the right corner at thesis the top of the page next to schiophrenia apa style, the page number. A “running header” in APA style contains a short title of the essay. Index. The essay title should be placed one-third of the tax evasion case, page down from the top. APA styles requires to write a short title first, put a colon and write the full title underneath. Author#8217;s name is usually several lines underneath. The name of the course, the name of thesis, professor, and the date of submission are printed at the bottom of the APA title page.

APA regulations on abbreviations, tables and figures. You may not need it in your APA essay , but there are APA regulations on abbreviations, tables and figures. Abbreviations can be used later in on safety precautions, the essay after the thesis index, full form is mention in the first time. This saves space, but makes a mention of the author, book or organization each time it is used. In APA papers both tables and figures should be presented on separate pages, with the caption at the bottom of the page. What to remember with the vodafone, APA essay writing format.

The main thrust of documenting guidelines is to avoid plagiarism. To do so, several citing outlines have been created by many academics or groups – one of which is the American Psychological Association or the thesis index, APA. As with other documenting guidelines, the APA generally recommends in-text citations. These types are enclosed in a parenthesis and placed immediately after the strengths, borrowed thought or idea. When beginning with the APA essay writing format , P rof E ssays.com suggests that the student should always remember to index, take note of the chuck essay, reference material’s author(s), publication house, publication year and the page number where the idea was taken from. APA essay format may sound tricky and thesis troublesome to essay strengths, some, but is index actually an tax evasion, easy way to index, organize a written work. The APA Essay Format is entirely designed to structure the chuck klosterman, flow of thoughts throughout the essay. It is said that the citing is complicated, but only thesis index has a few rules and guidelines that need to be followed. The format can be adapted depending on the nature and essay standard the topic of a custom essay.

It particularly helps in cases where many writers are involved in the writing process at the same time, giving symmetry and index a logical presentation without a miss to the readers. When writing an essay, citing your reference(s) is considered a critical part of the writing process. Essay. This fundamental element of writing helps students avoid plagiarism. In an academe, plagiarism is thesis a very serious offense that can sometimes lead to expulsion. The American Psychological Association or the APA style is the formatting guide that is used when writing a paper on essay weaknesses the Social Sciences. As with all documenting styles, the APA has recommendations on essay format, headings and citing references. Information on formatting your APA essay now easier because there are a number of on-line sites, such as P rof E ssays.com , which can provide you with key points in thesis, documentation. Essay Precautions At Home. Anyone and any company can claim to index, offer its essay help, but not every company can offer high-quality and result-oriented essay help. The appropriate APA format for your manuscript. Many professors recommend strict compliance with manuscript formatting guidelines when writing any type of academic paper.

Following the format not only ensures organization for each essay written by an individual student, but it also provides uniformity in appearance for all students’ academic papers. In writing a paper regarding the social sciences, APA makes several recommendations and guidelines on vodafone tax evasion case the format of essays . Though these elements may seem trivialon the thesis index, use of the title page, the at home, format of headings, page numbers, margins, indentation and spacing. Index. Though these elements may seem trivial, P rof E ssays.com believes that compliance remains a must. Weaknesses. College essay format: writing effectively in the collegiate level. What differentiates a college essay from a high school or a junior high school essay is the level of professionalism it exudes. As more complex topics are discussed, the need for further research becomes a necessity. Another important factor to consider is the format of the essay.

APA college essay format requires thorough referencing and citing as well as structuring of the essay . Thesis. While college academic papers follow the basic essay format of introduction, body and conclusion, it is important to remember that the APA college essay format must be more encompassing and more extensive. The APA college essay format differs from simple APA style so we provide specific essay help in schiophrenia essay apa style, this type of writing. P rof E ssays.com believes that many academes actually require a five paragraph essay on the college level, where the body consumes 60% of the whole essay. P rof E ssays.com is professional and reliable essay writing service which provides 24/7 customer essay help. Write Effectively With the Right Essay Format. A standard essay format provides order to thesis, any academic paper.

Though this is schiophrenia essay apa style merely a superficial element of essay writing, its importance is thesis undeniable, as many established documenting styles provide recommendations for the format of any academic paper. The American Psychological Association, APA, also has suggestions for your APA college essay format .

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4 Steps to Writing a Job-Winning Resume. Writing your resume, or even updating your resume, can be a scary, daunting task. But with the right approach and know-how, you can create your own standout document in no time. Thesis Index. And the good news is we’re here to essay, help. We’ve broken down the resume-writing process into 4 simple steps to thesis index, make it easier for chuck klosterman nemesis essay, you to index, get started! Our Resume Writing Guide gives you an schiophrenia apa style overview of each section of index, your resume, followed by some quick tips and actual resume examples that you can use as model for your own resume. Tax Evasion Case Study. Every great resume begins with a strong summary statement. This is thesis index a short description of who you are professionally that includes a brief list of your top skills. Your summary statement is the first thing that recruiters will see. Chuck Klosterman. So think of it as your big chance to index, catch someone’s attention. You also want to show hiring leaders that you’re a great fit for the job.

You can do this by using the skills and keywords that are in essay format, the job description in your summary statement – just make sure you only index, use those that reflect your experience (no exaggerating or lying on your resume!). Your statement can be written in either sentence form or bullet-point form and essay standard, should be short, but effective – no more than 3 sentences or bullet points; it should also contain the following information: Your professional title Top 2-3 skills Specific expertise, professional traits, accomplishments. Index. Need help writing your own professional summary statement? Our Resume Builder has hundreds of expertly written summary statements and career-specific phrases that you can easily and quickly add to your resume. Registered nurse with 9 years of experience in medical centers and essay standard, operating rooms ICU and ER experience in 40+ bed units Strong organizational and interpersonal skills. Dedicated assembly line worker with 5 years of experience.

Well-versed in index, machinery assembly and essay, production line efficiency . Fast learner who picks up new processes and technologies easily. Senior Sales Associate with excellent customer relations skills in business-to-business sales Increased global sales by 20% over the last two years, exceeding goals each quarter for the past year Seeking new sales challenge with management opportunities. Thesis. Experienced veterinary technician with 3 years of experience in format standard, delivering comprehensive care to thesis, animals at tax evasion study animal rescue facilities and shelters. Seeking to use shelter experience and formal training at a respected veterinary office. Responsible cashier experienced at managing front-of-store needs in busy environments. Friendly and thesis, energetic with strong communication and essay, organizational abilities. Index. Seeking role of increased responsibility where strengths in service and sales will be valuable. Motivated sales professional with 8 years of fashion retail sales experience who truly enjoys helping customers find their best fit and style. Highly results-oriented and essay standard, energetic, with unsurpassed customer relations skills. Index. The skills section – often called the #8220;Qualifications#8221; or #8220;Areas of Expertise#8221; section of your resume is control of population a list of your top skills.

This section of your resume is thesis index your chance to showcase your abilities to employers in a quick and easy-to-read way. Although this section is typically short and format, concise (think two columns of 3 to 4 bullet points), it contains very important information about your ability to perform a particular type of thesis index, job. Precautions At Home. Hiring managers should be able to scan your resume and find this list of skills easily. Here are a few helpful tips for writing a skills section that will get you noticed. Target your skills to the job : This is one of the best ways to customize your resume for the job you are applying to.

Read the job description and thesis, list all of the weaknesses, required and desired skills for the position. Then, see if you have any skills that match up with those on your list; these are the abilities you should include in your skills section. This way, when hiring managers skim your resume, they will see that you have the skills they’re looking for index, in a candidate. Include transferable skills : Transferable skills are skills that cross from one career field to another. These skills can be applied to a variety of positions. Some examples include communication skills, presentation or public speaking skills, any foreign language skills you have, social media skills, organizational and planning skills, and management and format standard, leaderships skills. Index. Use keywords : If you are applying to a job online and are asked to format, upload your resume or fill in an application online, chances are you are entering your information into an application tracking system. This is index a machine that companies use to scan a resume for essay precautions at home, keywords specific to the job. Be sure to pick out keywords from the job description and your industry and use them in your resume and application to make sure it gets past this machine.

Using keywords directly from the employer will increase your chances of getting noticed by index the hiring manager. Need help writing a skills section that gets you noticed? Our Resume Builder has hundreds of career-specific phrases that you can easily and quickly add to your own resume. Strengths. While all parts of your resume are equally important, your work history section is where you will be discussing your direct experience and your accomplishments, and it’s critical to get this one right.Let’s start with the basics. Your work history section should include the following: Positions and/or titles you held Names of index, organizations where you were employed City and state of each organization Employment periods for vodafone tax evasion study, each job, written as Month/Date – Month/Date Brief descriptions of your experience in bullet format. This section will be a combination of your job responsibilities and duties along with your work achievements. Hiring managers will be looking for your achievements and successes, not just your responsibilities, so it’s important to thesis, include both. When listing your responsibilities and duties, be sure to use action verbs to increase the strength of your writing and make potential employers take notice.

Some action verbs to use include: Communicated Negotiated Joined Reported Customized Initiated Planned Budgeted Developed Prepared Contributed Ensured Provided Led. Essay On Safety At Home. It takes practice and time to come up with your accomplishments and successes and to add numbers to them numbers such as how much money you saved the company, how you increased efficiency, or how many sales you achieved in a certain period of time. However, using two or three bullets under each job to describe your successes, along with metrics, will land you an interview. Need help writing a work experience section that shows your value? Our Resume Builder has hundreds of thesis index, career-specific phrases that you can easily and tax evasion, quickly add to your own resume. Bayle Industries, Hutchins Creek, MD. July 2010 – present. Prioritized and thesis index, managed multiple administrative projects while managing day-to- day tasks such as receiving and distributing mail, maintaining conference rooms, managing calendars, and maintaining office supplies. Essay. Increased conference room scheduling efficiency by 25% by implementing new company-wide online booking system. Provided travel arrangement support for 25+ employees per month for thesis, offsite meetings and national conferences.

Managed operations and essay apa style, logistics for annual onsite company conference for 150 employees and 200+ guest attendees. Parkview Elementary School, Summerfields, PA. September 2014 – May 2016. Index. Assisted in a classroom of 25 elementary school children, ages 5-6, for two consecutive school years. Engaged children with diverse and enjoyable activities involving theatrical play, musical instruments and hands-on learning. Offered detailed weekly reports that outlined each child’s activities and implemented new email letter system to offer reports online, saving the faculty 4 hours per week. Ft. Hood, Killeen, TX.

January 2008 – August 2015. Developed and led 5 new training programs over 12 months in preparation for combat. Performed reconnaissance operations in essay strengths weaknesses, compromised regions to develop combat training programs. Performed as a fire team member during situational training exercises and all infantry dismounted battle drills. Communicated urgent orders and directions effectively to team of 200+ military personnel. Your educational background can be an important part of your resume and should communicate your background quickly and simply to index, potential employers. Even if you don’t have previous experience in a particular job, you may increase your chances of being considered for tax evasion, the position if you can show that you have taken courses that are relevant to thesis, the position at of population hand. Here are some tips to help make your education section work for you: List the highest level of education first. This will help catch the index, hiring manager’s eye and ensure that he or she is able to determine your education level quickly. If you are recent graduate without a ton of work experience, then you can place your education section at the top of your resume for emphasis. Include your educational information in this order: Degree or diploma name is listed first.

Major(s) follow the degree. If you have minors, these are optional to list but it’s recommended to list them if they are relevant to the job you are applying for. List the vodafone tax evasion case, date you received the degree or diploma by year (for example, 2003). Thesis Index. If you are soon-to-be grad, you can list your expected graduation date. Employment periods for klosterman essay, each job, written as Month/Date – Month/Date Do not include your GPA on your resume unless you are a recent graduate. If you don’t have a degree, never fear! If you have an associate’s degree, you can list it in the same way as above. It is also perfectly acceptable to list any college experience you do have, even if you didn’t graduate. In the thesis index, absence of a college degree, it’s extremely important to list any professional training or certificates you have received especially if they are relevant to the job you are applying for. Apa Style. Then, make sure to emphasize your work experience section as much as possible to show employers that you are qualified for the position, whether or not you have a degree. Need help writing an index education section that shows your value?

Our Resume Builder can help you quickly and effectively outline your classroom achievements. Essay Apa Style. More Articles about thesis How to precautions at home, Write Your First Resume. 3 Critical Mistakes to Avoid on Your First Ever Resume. Tips On Creating A Resume For A New Career. How to Write a Resume When You Have No Work Experience. Get Hired In 30 Seconds: Resume Summary Tips. Get Your Resume In Front of the Right People: Four Tips. Create a Resume That Stops Traffic. How to Write a Resume that Lands More Job Offers.

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Sampling Nostalgia: “Forever Young,” “Young Forever,” and the Impossibility of the Occasional. Okay, so that’s a totally cliched academic title: Strange Phrase: The Things I Will Discuss to index, Explain the Strange phrase. Anyway. . . I won’t pretend to be an expert on occasional poetry, but I will bet that Pope did not perform “The Rape of the Lock” past his prime to a bunch of aging baby-boomers who want to party like its 1712. Tax Evasion Study? I’m thinking of anecdotal accounts friends once gave me upon seeing Modern English circa 1997. Of course they wrote and performed other songs besides “I’ll Stop the thesis World (and Melt with You)”, but really, who wants to of population, hear them? Also recall Homer Simpson on Bachmann Turner Overdrive: “They were Canada’s answer to index, CCR. Their big hit was TCB.” When he sees them perform not only can he not wait for “Taking Care of Business,” but he can’t even wait for “the workin’ overtime part.” But I digress, as neither of these examples get to exactly what I mean to discuss. While we might dismiss the occasional as too rooted in a particular context and therefore not amenable to its own legacy, I would argue that this situatedness makes the occasional all the more important and, presently, all the more rare (which is to essay of personal, say impossible). According to Wikipedia, “Goethe declared that ‘Occasional Poetry is the highest kind.'” Likewise, Hegel had the following to index, say about it (I can’t believe I am about to agree with Hegel): Poetry’s living connection with the real world and its occurrences in public and private affairs is revealed most amply in essay, the so-called pieces d’occasion . If this description were given a wider sense, we could use it as a name for nearly all poetic works: but if we take it in the proper and narrower sense we have to restrict it to productions owing their origin to some single present event and expressly devoted to its exaltation, embellishment, commemoration, etc. But by such entanglement with life poetry seems again to thesis index, fall into a position of dependence, and for this reason it has often been proposed to assign the precautions at home whole sphere of pieces d’occasion an inferior value although to thesis index, some extent, especially in lyric poetry, the essay on safety at home most famous works belong to this class.

The occasional speaks to a specific moment, to something that had a specific historicity, a particularity, perhaps a singularity. It resists appropriation into a culture of sameness, or at least did. Well, perhaps it never did and I am merely romanticizing what the occasional was. Perhaps better to say that what the occasional could be is thesis index a fleeting moment in which representation touches materiality. If considered in an historical manner, the occasional thereby might offer some understanding of its occasion. That is most likely wishful thinking, but I throw it out apa style there. What the thesis index Modern English and Homer Simpson examples begin to demonstrate is the fact that the present United States can in no way deal with occasionality.

I see this inability in strengths, student essays which rush to declare whatever they are about to be the thesis “greatest poem/modernist poem/novel/postmodernist novel/song/album/etc. OF ALL TIME!” Everything has to be eternal, capable of format transmitting meaning to everyone, everywhere, everywhen in the same manner, transparently and without regard to historical notions of reading, epistemology, etc. When we are confronted with something new, we try to make it something old. I think that this desire is thesis a function of nostalgia, which dovetails with the essay at home fact that we don’t give a damn about anything Tony Basil has done since “Hey Mickey.” To be a bit more academic about this issue, let’s just say it’s very much related to Jameson’s lament that postmodernism is thesis bound up with a culture that can no longer think historically. With that, a screed about contemporary music or, rather, a contemporary song and what it means in terms of contemporary culture.

While I do have some idea what happens in the world of music, I have no idea whether the things I know about are actually part of some kind of at home social vocabulary. I know Beyonce made one of the best music videos of all time, but I have no idea what the song sounds like. That said, I may be making mountains of molehills here. That said, I have some issues with Jay-Z’s “Young Forever.” Before I begin, let me say that if Jay-Z wants to use the lyrics and music from an older song to make a million dollars, more power to him. I don’t care and would like to see copyright open up a bit for more of this kind of work (although, given the fact that his use of the thesis index song in question is almost certainly controlled by a mechanical license for covering the song and not sampling it, the issue of copyright is not really an on safety at home, issue here). Nonetheless, because the index 80s are on my mind constantly, and because I trace many contemporary cultural and political problems in of personal strengths, the United States to that period, I take issue with the manner in which Jay-Z appropriates Alphaville’s 1984 song “Forever Young,” which, thank god, has no relation to the Rod Stewart song of the same name. What strikes me most about this song and video (or, rather, the combination of the two) is the utter lack of nostalgia. To contemporary ears, the thesis title “Forever Young” reads as an ode to a better time, the right now/present when we are as beautiful, fit, and carefree as we will ever be.

As I will argue below, Jay-Z seriously (perhaps willfully) misreads the song as such. Of course, it’s not surprising that he does so. A great deal of rock and chuck nemesis popular music celebrates youth for one reason or another, and index I know more than one person who thinks that The Ramones’ cover of Tom Waits’ “I Don’t Wanna Grow Up” is essay apa style some kind of punk rock anthem to youth and its fuck-all attitude. Thesis? (It’s actually a late song that, like Twain’s Huck Finn , is performed by an older person/group who only understands what he/they had in his/their youth by virtue of no longer being youthful. That self-awareness is the price of maturity and exactly what destroys innocence). In the chuck klosterman essay case of the present song, Alphaville is not singing about being young and index the powers that stage of life affords. Rather, this song is a product of a Cold War culture that directly impacted a German band on a social/cultural level and, of vodafone case course, an entire planet, which wondered if they “would drop the bomb or not.” The end of the index first verse further clarifies this issue (lyrics):

Can you imagine when this race is won. Turn our golden faces into the sun. Praising our leaders we’re getting in essay weaknesses, tune. The music’s played by the madman. The race in question is the arms race, a race that cannot be won. However, there were of thesis course those who at essay strengths, least implied the index possibility of victory if not openly claimed it–a logic that derived from Vietnam and would lead to our present situations in chuck klosterman nemesis essay, Iraq and Afghanistan. Thus imagining victory here does not refer to the end of the index Cold War in peaceful terms, and the praising/getting-in-tune-with the leaders is like drinking the essay format Kool-Aid, swallowing the bi-polar logic of the thesis Cold War in which the only choice is between one side or the other (regardless of what Joshua tells us in control of population essay, Wargames , you cannot choose not to play). Considered in these terms, and given that the video is mainly about the very young and thesis the very old–those who cannot yet understand and those who understand all too well–the song’s chorus does not refer to being young in any conventional sense. Rather, it refers to essay, life, a life threatened regardless of thesis that life’s age. That is, the song is about the decline of the world, the precautions at home death of everything.

I am reminded of the judge in Blood Meridian : If God meant to interfere in the degeneracy of mankind would he not have done so by now? Wolves cull themselves, man. What other creature could? And is thesis index not the race of man more predacious yet? The way of the world is to bloom and to flower and die but in the affairs of vodafone case study man there is no waning and the noon of his expression signals the onset of night. His spirit is exhausted at the height of thesis index its achievement. Essay? His meridian is at once his darkening and index the evening of his day. He loves games? Let him play for takes. This you see here, these ruins wondered at by tribes of savages, do you not think that this will be again? Aye.

And again. With other people, with other sons. For the judge, the West and perhaps all the essay of personal world of men exists in a state of index permanent decline interrupted by mortal attempts to erect eternal monuments meant to stave off the effect of time and the violence of nature. Man (and I use the word knowingly) refuses to die, refuses to schiophrenia essay apa style, admit his mortality. And this logic is precisely that which leads to a situation like the Cold War: as empires decline they grasp at thesis, straws to maintain their status. In the early to mid-1980s, that grasping had led to the capability of two nations to destroy all life on Earth rather than appear weak and vulnerable. With the chuck nemesis Cold War it had appears that man had learned to play for stakes and would soon cull its own, all of its own. This reading of the Cold War (and McCarthy) is overly simple, but the song in question is not altogether complex. My point is thesis index simply that it is not a song bound up in nostalgia for the past. It does not wish for a simpler time, does not long for of personal weaknesses, the days before atomic power or the Cold War. Rather, it regrets that the future may not exist at all, that everything might end.

The songs final verse alludes top this regret: So many adventures couldn’t happen today. So many songs we forgot to thesis index, play. So many dreams are swinging out of the blue. We let them come true. I don’t think that these lyrics allude to past adventures that were better than what is possible in the present so much as the impossibility of adventures period. There is no future and, as a result, any action in essay, the present becomes meaningless. Alphaville longs to be forever young because it wishes to retain the potential of the future, something that the leaders of the thesis index world had foreclosed on. Thus the song is very rooted in its moment.

It is not some eternal anthem to youth, but a statement about the late Cold War. And while my use here of the chuck klosterman term “occasional” is index somewhat inexact, it nonetheless gets to the heart of what I am arguing: that the power of this text does not derive from its touching something eternal and ubiquitous but rather from its particularity and for the fact that it only fits within history in its specific situation. Of course, that doesn’t stop Alphaville from going all Modern English on us: The song’s Wikipedia page mentions that it has become something of a pop standard. Klosterman Essay? Indeed, it has been covered numerous times. For example, Laura Branigan (of “Gloria” fame) covered “Forever Young” just a year after Alphaville first released it.

Thus she retains the Cold War context and, it seems, just about everything else from the thesis index song, and case adds very little to the original: I guess I am being somewhat problematic by implying that covers should add to a song, modify it, and respect its specificity. Perhaps. Maybe I am just not a fan of the cover at all. However, I do think that there is a way to reconcile this tension, even if I am not going to deal with it here. In any case, Branigan’s interpretation does not add much to Alphaville’s text. It’s inoffensive, but just does not break any ground. Compare that version to this one by another german band, Die goldenen Zitronen, who cover “Forever Young” as “Fur immer Punk”:

Now Die goldenen Zitronen’s cover is what a cover ought to be: an interpretation and resituation (and that’s without even considering the issue of language). They are playing on index the notion of being young and control of population essay equating it with being punk, which reads against the grain in thesis index, the manner that punks do such things. They use the song as a point of departure even while retaining some of it as a misinterpretation. Of course, my German sucks (viz. nonexistent), so I can’t speak directly to most of the lyrics, but I am sure that whatever the misinterpretation it works because the vodafone study point is to misinterpret. Index? More important, that misinterpretation situates the song in a new context and format allows it to thesis, develop its meaning in that context. Branigan’s version largely fails to do so. (Yes, something of a moral argument here.)

Finally, compare each of these versions of the song to Jay-Z’s, entitled “Young Forever”: Now, I can’t be sure if that is the actual music video for the song. Youtube has a number of versions up, although this is the only one that appears as if it could be official. Nonetheless, the fact that the video appears out of sync with the audio gives me pause. Even so, without what I will say about the control of population essay video, I think that the critique holds true. To begin, this (mis)interpretation falls short. Whereas Die goldenen Zitronen rewrite “Forever Young” as “Forever Punk”, and thesis alters the lyrics as well, Jay-Z wholly appropriates the song’s first verse and chorus without changing them at all (Again,the lyrics from “Forever Young” in “Young Forever” are not sampled, but covered by essay at home Mr Hudson). This appropriation without alteration is significant because it retains those lyrics which are most explicitly about the Cold War: “are you gonna drop the thesis index bomb or not?” Now, I understand that “drop a bomb” can mean a number of different things ( The Simpsons played with this line too), but the lyrics simply don’t make sense in this context as written. While I would probably scoff at what would be a crass use of a rewritten song (a la anything P Diddy has ever done), but at essay on safety precautions at home, least it would make sense and demonstrate cultural literacy.

By retaining the thesis index lyrics as originally written and of personal strengths weaknesses performed, Jay-Z misreads the original song. Perhaps, again, this misreading is thesis intentional, but it nonetheless falls short of the interesting misreading from Die goldenen Zitronen because it does not resituate the song in any way, shape, or form. To be a bit clearer, Jay-Z merely adds the old song to his own. He does not seek a level of abstraction at which the two songs might meet and converge, but rather grafts one to the other seemingly under the assumption that they are about the same thing, that they derive from similar occasions. Now, such juxtapositions can be useful and interesting, and I am willing to of personal weaknesses, listen to such arguments. Again, my target here is not really Jay-Z, but rather the type of index thinking “Young Forever” represents.

What that thinking does is always already approach the past as something amenable to the present, as something that can be easily grasped in this moment without regard to its own moment. The video and lyrics to control essay, “Young Forever” bear this reading out. Here’s the first verse: So we live a life like a video. When the sun is always out and you never get old. and the champagne’s always cold. and the music’s always good. and the thesis pretty girls just happen to stop by in the hood. and they hop their pretty ass up on the hood of nemesis essay dat pretty ass car. without a wrinkle in index, today.

cuz there is no tomorrow. just some picture perfect day. to last a whole lifetime. and it never ends. cos all we have to klosterman nemesis essay, do is hit rewind.

so lets just stay in the moment, smoke some weed, drink some wine, reminisce talk some shit forever young is in your mind. leave a mark that can never erase me neither space nor time. so when the director yells cut, I’m forever young… There is thesis index something here about life as an icon, living life according to fantasy rather than reality. However, the lyrics do not critique this lifestyle, and on safety precautions if they don’t exactly celebrate they present it as a matter of fact. This is how Jay-Z lives his life, that’s how we roll. What’s more, the lyrics ask that this way of life last forever. Thesis? In a very real sense, Jay-Z’s song demands that which Alphaville’s despises: the posturing that comes with power and the desire that power be maintained against all reason, against all decline. The Jay-Z of the video, who seduces numerous women and vodafone case becomes the victim of violence as a result, is the top dog for whom everyone is gunning, the one who has become so big that he has nowhere to go but down.

Tony Montana. And while there may be here some critique of the thesis lifestyle, that critique is no more than metaphorical: no one needs to take Jay-Z down to essay on safety precautions at home, become the next kingpin. Capitalism has more than enough room for captains of industry. Ther can always be another, even if the thesis overall number must remain finite. In other words, no one is gunning for Jay-Z and he has little need to remain young forever f by that he means fast and strong, capable of klosterman essay staying hungry and withstanding the attack of the new. Regardless, he no doubts desires sameness. His song demands it, the thesis endless continuation of present circumstances, a flattening of the world that makes possible the status quo. It is this very sameness that Alphaville laments, the control essay sameness manifested by those who do have the power to decide, the ones who cannot abide seeing anything that might diminish that power. Moreover, this sameness is that which makes impossible the occasional, which is thesis a reminder that there is variation, that there is particularity, that there is such a thing as a situation (in both the active and essay on safety at home passive senses).

Jay-Z’s use of “Forever Young” seems nothing but an attempt to thesis index, cash in on control a half-memorable song the lyrics to thesis, which somewhat/kinda match a certain theme that we commonly understand to be universal. And while Jay-Z’s song in no way applies to all people everywhere (except to those, perhaps, who vote their aspirations rather than their situations), it attempts to schiophrenia essay, popularize (in the sense of populism) that which can never be popular through recourse to that universal. It asks that we feel his pain, that he too wants to be young forever just like us and thesis index damn his fame that makes that impossible. Essay Weaknesses? Compare that idea to what Alphaville was saying: that there is no future for anyone because of a specific threat to thesis index, humanity. The occasion of that statement has become something of a joke, subject to nostalgic remembrances of legwarmers and John Hughes films (there’s a paper: “Nostalgic Apparel: Princesses, Legwarmers, and John Hughes”). Klosterman Nemesis? I am not arguing for respect here, so much as the thesis necessity of knowing that the past is more than a sample. The song and of course the lyrics “Forever Young” although written during the time of the vodafone case study cold war, could never have been more contemporary and realistic than today. Today we live in a controlled world where banks and multinational corporations rule our lives through financial terrorism making us feel entirely insecure about our futures and index our lives and deciding how we are to live these lives. Tax Evasion Study? If we do not like this and do not sumbit to the terror state, we are considered terrorists. The recent corruption – stealing of money by politicians and governments in Greece entailing the thesis index intervention of the essay IMF in Greece highlights this fact exactly and accurately. Thesis? Revolution will start in essay, Greece which will spill to other countries in thesis, the EU and vodafone tax evasion study we are now talking of Greece’s lost generation.

The duty of young people and thesis index all peoples of the world is to enact and realise our dreams and not to submit to the final pre-set stage of schiophrenia essay extreme private capitalism – in other words, destitution, poverty, hunger, control, fear, dependency. Thesis? All of these are exactly what our leaders want as debt = money and money = profit for banks and essay standard multinational corporatocracy. We must awaken to these sad truths – yes still many people are afraid, but we must get up and stand up and fight for our rights. Index? Greece will give birth to format standard, democracy all over and if it needs axes and chainsaws as happened in index, Argentina to achieve this then so be it. Our government (s) must stop stealing salaries and pensions from ordinary employees and pensioners.

They know who has stolen the money as it is those who enforce austerity measures who have stolen it. The people will get vengeance if it means storming parliament and killing all our politicians. that’s not the real young forever video. It is this false moneyer with his gravers and burins who seeks favor with the judge and chuck klosterman he is at contriving from cold slag brute in the crucible a face that will pass, an image that will render this residual specie current in the markets where men barter. Of this is the judge judge and the night does not end.

--Cormac McCarthy, Blood Meridian, or, the Evening Redness in the West.

La gestion des erreurs dans Excel. Dans ce tutoriel, vous allez apprendre les types d'erreurs pouvant survenir dans Excel (formules et macros) ainsi que les outils disponibles pour grer ces erreurs. Tous les exemples proposs ont t tests avec Excel2002. Article lu fois. Publié le 25 fvrier 2007 - Mis à jour le 1 er avril 2007. Des erreurs peuvent parfois apparatre dans les formules de calcul ou lors de l'excution d'une macro.

L'erreur peut tre la consquence d'une saisie errone, mais peut parfois aussi tre invitable: Exemple des formules dans un tableau de bord prrempli et complt chaque fin de mois. Index. Les cellules contenant des formules pour les prochains mois peuvent logiquement renvoyer une erreur car les donnes ne sont pas encore renseignes. Vodafone Case Study. De la mme faon, une macro qui vrifie l'existence d'une feuille peut logiquement renvoyer une erreur si l'onglet n'existe pas. Un petit triangle vert, dans l'angle suprieur gauche, permet de visualiser rapidement les cellules contenant des erreurs. Les formules Excel renvoient des valeurs d'erreur spcifiques en fonction du problme rencontr: Survient lorsque vous spcifiez une intersection de deux zones qui, en ralit, ne se coupent pas. * Par exemple lors de l'utilisation d'un oprateur de plage incorrect ( =SOMME(A1 A10) ). Thesis Index. Il manque les deux-points (:) dans la formule pour sparer la rfrence de la premire cellule de la rfrence de la dernire cellule. Survient lorsqu'un nombre est divis par zro. Survient lorsqu'un argument ou un lment de la formule est inappropri. * Vous avez attribu une plage un oprateur ou une fonction qui exige une seule valeur et non pas une plage. * Les lments de la formule ne sont pas compatibles (Par exemple =10+mimi ).

* Il s'agit d'une formule matricielle qui doit tre revalide: Dans ce cas slectionnez la cellule, touche F2 puis appuyez sur CTRL+MAJ+ENTRE. * Les dimensions de la matrice sont incorrectes. Survient lorsque les coordonnes d'une cellule ne sont pas valides. * Lors de l'utilisation d'une liaison non valide (Vrifiez le format de la liaison ='C:dossier[NomClasseur.xls]NomFeuille'!$A$1 ). * Lorsque la liaison vers une rubrique d'change dynamique de donnes (DDE ou Dynamic Data Exchange) n'est pas disponible. * Aprs la suppression ou le collage de cellules auxquelles d'autres formules font rfrence. Survient lorsque l'application ne reconnat pas le texte dans une formule. * Vrifiez l'existence et l'orthographe des cellules et plages nommes.

* Vrifiez l'existence et l'orthographe des fonctions utilises. * La formule contient une rfrence vers une fonction personnelle inexistante (Vrifiez que les fichiers xls ou xla contenant la fonction complmentaire sont bien ouverts. * Vrifiez la prsence deux points (:) ncessaires pour rfrencer une plage de cellules. * Vrifiez que l'utilisation des tiquettes est bien autorise: Menu Outils/Options/Slectionnez l'onglet Calcul/Cochez l'option Accepter les tiquettes dans les formules./Cliquez sur le bouton OK pour valider. * Vrifiez que les textes sont encadrs par des guillemets (Par exemple =RECHERCHE(mimi;A:A) ).

* Si la formule fait rfrence des valeurs ou des cellules d'autres feuilles de calcul ou d'autres classeurs dont le nom contient un caractre non alphabtique ou un espace, vrifiez que vous avez bien plac une apostrophe (') de part et d'autre du nom ( ='Nom Feuille'!C9 ). Survient si formule ou une fonction contient des valeurs numriques non valides. * Lorsqu'un nombre est trop grand ou trop petit pour tre reprsent dans Excel. Control. Les valeurs doivent tre compris entre -1*10 307 et 1*10 307 . * Lorsqu'une fonction qui s'excute par itration ne parvient pas trouver un rsultat. Pour rsoudre le problme, dans le menu Outils/Options/onglet Calcul/Cochez l'option Itration. * Lorsqu'un argument est incorrect dans une fonction qui exige un argument numrique. Survient lorsqu'une valeur ncessaire au bon fonctionnement de la formule est manquante. * Si la dimension des plages de cellules n'est pas identique dans les formule matricielles: Par exemple, =SOMMEPROD((A1:A10=dvp)*(B1:B9=number one)) renvoie une erreur. Index. Vous devez crire: =SOMMEPROD((A1:A10=dvp)*(B1:B10=number one))

* Si des cellules rfrences dans la formule contiennent des valeurs #N/A ou NA(). * Si une fonction personnalise n'est pas disponible. * Si un argument obligatoire est absent, ou d'un type inappropri dans la fonction. * Si les fonctions RECHERCHEV, RECHERCHEH ou INDEX effectuent une recherche dans une ligne ou une colonne non trie. Spcifiez la valeur FAUX dans le dernier argument de ces fonctions. Chuck Nemesis. Elles peuvent ainsi effectuer une recherche dans une ligne ou une colonne non trie. * Survient lorsqu'une colonne n'est pas suffisamment large pour afficher la totalit d'une donne numrique: Modifiez tout simplement la largeur de la colonne afin de rgler le problme. * Survient lorsque les calculs sur les dates et les heures donnent des rsultats ngatifs.

Si vous utilisez le calendrier depuis 1900, les dates et les heures doivent imprativement tre positives. 1ere solution. Thesis Index. Modifiez le format de la cellule contenant la formule: Clic droit dans la cellule/Format de cellule/ Onglet Nombre/Slectionnez la catgorie Standard par exemple/Cliquez sur le bouton OK pour valider. 2eme solution. Control Of Population Essay. Passez en calendrier depuis 1904: Menu outils/Options/Onglet Calcul/Cochez l'option Calendrier depuis 1904. II-B. Index. L'aide la rsolution des erreurs^ Vous pouvez utiliser l'aide Excel (F1) pour obtenir des informations trs dtailles sur chaque type d'erreur.

Cliquez sur ce bouton pour afficher un menu d'aide la rsolution des problmes. * Description du type d'erreur. * Afficher l'aide Excel associe l'erreur identifie. * Modifier la formule. * Evaluer la formule. * Masquer la balise et le petit triangle vert. * Reprer les antcdents contenant des erreurs. * Afficher la barre d'outils d'Audit des formules.

* Afficher la bote de dialogue d'options pour la vrification des erreurs. La barre d'outils d' Audit des formules propose aussi plusieurs outils pour identifier les erreurs. (Menu Outils/Audit de formules/Afficher la barre d'outils) Slectionnez la cellule contenant la formule puis cliquez sur le bouton Reprer les antcdents . La commande dessine des flches d'audit partir des cellules qui fournissent directement des valeurs la formule active (antcdents). Une flche rouge signifie que la cellule antcdente contient une erreur. Pour reprer les formules qui fournissent indirectement les valeurs la formule de la cellule active, cliquez nouveau sur le bouton Reprer les antcdents . Les paramtres et les rgles de vrification d'erreurs sont accessibles depuis le menu Outils/Options/Onglet Vrification des erreurs. II-C. Chuck Klosterman Nemesis. Les formules pour grer les erreurs^

Excel dispose aussi de fonctions spcifiques pour identifier et grer les erreurs. Renvoie VRAI si la cellule contient une erreur (autre que #NA). Renvoie VRAI si la cellule contient une erreur (#NA compris). Cette formule affiche dans la cellule si la division A1/A2 renvoie une erreur: Formule valider par Ctrl+Maj+Entree. Slectionnez toutes les cellules, puis le Menu Format/Mise en forme conditionnelle.

Dans le champ La formule est:, saisissez =ESTERREUR(A1) Puis Format/Police/Slectionnez la police blanche. Cliquez sur le bouton OK dans les diffrentes botes de dialogue. Les valeurs d'erreur sont dsormais toutes masques. Vrifie si la cellule contient une erreur type #N/A (Renvoie VRAI ou FAUX). Renvoie une valeur en fonction du type d'erreur dans la cellule. #DIV/0! : renvoie 2. #VALEUR! : renvoie 3. #NOMBRE! : renvoie 6. La fonction renvoie #N/A si la cellule ne contient pas d'erreur.

Renvoie la valeur d'erreur #N/A dans la cellule contenant cette formule. La fonction NA permet de marquer les cellules vides et vite d'inclure involontairement des cellules vides dans les calculs. Vous pouvez aussi saisir directement #N/A dans la cellule. Les erreurs d'excution se produisent lorsqu'une instruction tente d'accomplir une opration non valide. Chaque erreur d'excution provoque l'arrt des macros. Thesis. La ligne incrimine est surligne en jaune et un message d'alerte s'affiche l'cran. Le numro d'erreur ainsi qu'une description courte s'affichent dans la bote de dialogue. Le bouton Fin permet de sortir immdiatement de la procdure. Le bouton Dbogage ferme le message d'alerte et affiche la ligne qui a dclench l'erreur.

Le bouton Aide ouvre l'aide associe au code d'erreur. C'est l'instruction On Error qui valide la gestion d'erreur. Schiophrenia Essay. Le gestionnaire est ensuite activ lorsque survient une erreur. Effectue un branchement vers une ligne spcifie. Thesis Index. Par exemple On Error goTo errorHandler. On Error GoTo errorHandler doit tre plac juste aprs la dclaration des variables, ou au moins avant la premire ligne de procdure risquant de provoquer une erreur.

errorHandler: doit tre plac en fin de procdure, ventuellement prcd par l'instruction Exit Sub . Invalide le gestionnaire d'erreurs prcdemment cr par l'instruction On Error Goto. Chaque erreur d'excution provoque l'arrt des macros, aprs la ligne On Error GoTo 0 . Permet de continuer la procdure et passe directement la ligne suivante, en cas d'erreur. Par exemple, lorsque vous vrifiez l'existence d'une feuille dans le classeur: Cette instruction doit tre employe avec prudence car elle masque tous les bugs qui peuvent survenir dans la procdure. Precautions At Home. Vous ne recevrez aucune information pour localiser une erreur qui pourrait avoir une influence sur le rsultat final de votre macro. Thesis. Utilisez On Error Resume Next seulement si vous ne pouvez pas faire autrement, ou de faon cible sur une ligne prcise (Comme dans l'exemple prcdent). L'objet Err contient des informations sur les erreurs d'excution. Essay At Home. Lorsqu'une erreur se produit, les proprits de l'objet Err stockent d'une part des informations qui identifient l'erreur et d'autre part des informations permettant de grer cette erreur. La mthode Clear rinitialise le contenu de l'objet Err la suite du traitement d'une erreur.

Les proprits de l'objet Err sont alors remises zro ou remplaces par des chanes de longueur nulle. * Tout type d'instruction Resume. * Exit Sub, Exit Function ou Exit Property. * Toute instruction On Error. La proprit Description renvoie ou dfinit un chane de caractres qui correspond une courte description de l'erreur.

La proprit HelpFile renvoie ou dfinit le chemin d'accs complet un fichier d'aide. La proprit HelpContext renvoie ou dfinit l'identificateur de contexte associ une rubrique d'un fichier d'aide. La proprit LastDllError renvoie un code d'erreur systme produit lors de l'appel d'une bibliothque de Liaisons Dynamiques (DLL). La proprit Number renvoie ou dfinit une valeur numrique spcifique en fonction du type d'erreur. Thesis Index. Il s'agit de la proprit par dfaut de l'objet Err . Consultez le chapitre III-D-1 si vous souhaitez lister les codes d'erreurs dfinis dans Excel. La mthode Raise est utilise pour gnrer une erreur d'excution dans la macro. La syntaxe: Err.Raise Number, Source, Description, HelpFile, HelpContext. Identifie la nature de l'erreur.

La plage de 0 512 est rserve aux erreurs systme. Control. La plage de 513 65535 est disponible pour les erreurs dfinies par l'utilisateur. (Facultatif) Nomme l'objet ou l'application l'origine de l'erreur. (Facultatif) Spcifie la chane de caractres qui dcrit l'erreur. (Facultatif) Dfinit le chemin d'accs complet au fichier d'aide associ cette erreur.

Si ce chemin n'est pas indiqu, la procdure adopte le fichier d'aide de Visual Basic. (Facultatif) Dsigne l'identificateur de contexte contenu dans le fichier d'aide. La proprit Source renvoie ou dfinit une chane de caractres indiquant le nom de l'objet ou de l'application qui a gnr l'erreur. La fonction ERL permet de rcuprer le numro de ligne qui a provoqu une erreur dans la macro. Vous devez avoir pralablement numrot les lignes de procdure dans l'diteur de macros. ERL renvoie 0 s'il n'y a pas d'erreur dans la procedure. ERL renvoie 0 si aucune ligne n'est numrote dans la macro. III-D-1. Thesis Index. Lister les codes d'erreurs dans une feuille de calcul^ Les codes d'erreurs rcuprables sont stocks dans le fichier d'aide VbLR6.chm (Excel2002).

III-D-2. Control Essay. Identifier automatiquement l'apparition des erreurs dans la feuille de calcul^ Cette procdure vnementielle Worksheet_Calculate affiche un message d'alerte ds qu'une formule provoque une erreur. Une option permet d'ouvrir l'aide Excel. (Ou Menu Outils/Audit de formules/Supprimer toutes les flches) III-D-3. Thesis. Retrouver les cellules qui contiennent des erreurs^ La macro suivante retrouve les cellules qui contiennent des erreurs dans la plage spcifie. La fonction Error renvoie le message correspondant au numro d'erreur spcifi. Si le numro d'erreur n'est pas valide, une erreur se produit. Tax Evasion. Si le numro d'erreur est omis, le message correspondant l'erreur d'excution la plus rcente est renvoy.

Si aucune erreur d'excution n'est survenue, ou si la valeur est gale 0, la fonction Error renvoie une chane de longueur nulle (). La fonction IsError renvoie une valeur de type Boolean qui indique si l'expression spcifie est une valeur d'erreur. La fonction CVErr renvoie une donne de type Variant et de sous-type Error contenant un numro d'erreur spcifi par l'utilisateur. Il est particulirement interessant de prendre en compte les erreurs lorsque vous devez grer et anticiper toutes les manipulations de l'utilisateur final. Index. Dans ce cas, une rflexion doit tre mene en amont pour identifier les problmes qui pourraient survenir.

Faites tester le classeur par plusieurs utilisateurs (de prfrence non spcialistes) et possdant des configurations diffrentes afin de valider votre gestionnaire d'erreur. Vous avez aim ce tutoriel ? Alors partagez-le en cliquant sur les boutons suivants :